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Related papers: Volatile Loss and Classification of Kuiper Belt Ob…

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The spatial distribution of Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) in 2:1 exterior resonance with Neptune constrains that planet's migration history. Numerical simulations demonstrate that fast planetary migration generates a larger population of KBOs…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Ruth A. Murray-Clay , Eugene I. Chiang

Planet atmospheric escape induced by high-energy stellar irradiation is a key phenomenon shaping the structure and evolution of planetary atmospheres. Therefore, the present-day properties of a planetary atmosphere are intimately connected…

This work explores the orbital distribution of minor bodies in the outer Solar System emplaced as a result of a Nice model migration from the simulations of Brasser & Morbidelli (2013). This planetary migration scatters a planetesimal disk…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-08 Rosemary E. Pike , Samantha Lawler , Ramon Brasser , Cory J. Shankman , Mike Alexandersen , J. J. Kavelaars

The recent discovery of ``ultra-hot'' ($P < 1$ day) Neptunes has come as a surprise: some of these planets have managed to retain gaseous envelopes despite being close enough to their host stars to trigger strong photoevaporation and/or…

The escape of hot O and C atoms from the present martian atmosphere during low and high solar activity conditions has been studied with a Monte-Carlo model. The model includes the initial energy distribution of hot atoms, elastic,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-05 Hannes Gröller , Herbert Lichtenegger , Helmut Lammer , Valery I. Shematovich

We present results of thermal evolution calculations for objects originating in the Kuiper belt and transferring inwards, to the region of the outer planets. Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) are considered to be part of a reservoir that supplies…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 G. Sarid , D. Prialnik

Volatiles, especially CO, are important gas tracers of protoplanetary disks (PPDs). Freeze-out and sublimation processes determine their division between gas and solid phases, which affects both which disk regions can be traced by which…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-01 Rui Xu , Xue-Ning Bai , Karin Oberg

MESSENGER observations suggest a magma ocean formed on proto-Mercury, during which evaporation of metals and outgassing of C- and H-bearing volatiles produced an early atmosphere. Atmospheric escape subsequently occurred by plasma heating,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-28 Noah Jäggi , Diana Gamborino , Dan J. Bower , Paolo A. Sossi , Aaron S. Wolf , Apurva V. Oza , Audrey Vorburger , André Galli , Peter Wurz

(Abridged) Inspired by the Kepler planet discoveries, we consider the thermal contraction of planets close to their parent star, under the influence of evaporation. The mass-loss rates are based on hydrodynamic models of evaporation that…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 James E. Owen , Yanqin Wu

Rocky bodies of the inner solar system display a systematic depletion of the "Moderately Volatile Elements" (MVEs) that correlates with the expected condensation temperature of their likely host materials under protoplanetary nebula…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-29 Debanjan Sengupta , Paul R. Estrada , Jeffrey N. Cuzzi , Munir Humayun

Volatile loss from exoplanetary atmospheres and its possible implications for the longevity of habitable surface conditions is a topic of vigorous debate currently. The vast majority of the habitable zone terrestrial-like exoplanets known…

We use optical data on 10 Kuiper Belt objects (KBOs) to investigate their rotational properties. Of the 10, three (30%) exhibit light variations with amplitude delta_m >= 0.15 mag, and 1 out of 10 (10%) has delta_m >= 0.40 mag, which is in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Pedro Lacerda , Jane Luu

Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) driven atmospheric escape is a key process in the atmospheric evolution of close-in exoplanets. In many evolutionary models, the energy-limited mass-loss rate with a constant efficiency (typically $\sim10\%$) is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-19 Hiroto Mitani , Riouhei Nakatani , Rolf Kuiper

Space weather plays an important role in the evolution of planetary atmospheres. Observations have shown that stellar flares emit energy in a wide energy range (10^30-10^38 ergs), a fraction of which lies in X-rays and extreme ultraviolet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-02 Dimitra Atri , Shane R. Carberry Mogan

Observations of transmission spectra reveal that hot Jupiters and Neptunes are likely to possess escaping atmospheres driven by stellar radiation. Numerous models predict that magnetic fields may exert significant influences on the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-21 Lei Xing , Jianheng Guo , Chuyuan Yang , Dongdong Yan

Observations have revealed in the Kepler data a depleted region separating smaller super-Earths from larger sub-Neptunes. This can be explained as an evaporation valley between planets with and without H/He that is caused by atmospheric…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-01 Christoph Mordasini

We preliminarily investigate the impact of the Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) and of the asteroid ring on some proposed high-precision tests of Newtonian and post-Newtonian gravity to be performed in the Solar System by means of spacecraft in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Lorenzo Iorio

JWST has shown that CO2 and CO are common on the surfaces of objects in the Kuiper belt and have apparent surface coverages even higher than that of water ice, though water ice is expected to be significantly more abundant in the bulk…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-30 Michael E. Brown , Wesley C. Fraser

We perform simulations here that include the gravitational effects of the primordial planetesimal belt consisting of ~10^5 massive bodies. In our simulations, Neptune unlocks from resonance with the other giant planets and begins to migrate…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-20 Nathan A. Kaib , Alex Parsells , Simon Grimm , Billy Quarles , Matthew S. Clement

Photometric surveys of transNeptunian objects (TNOs) and Centaurs have suggested possible correlations between some orbital parameters and surface colors of classical objects, scattered disk objects (SDOs), and Centaurs. However, larger…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 P. Santos-Sanz , J. L. Ortiz , L. Barrera , H. Boehnhardt
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