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The appeal of thermodynamics to problems outside physics is undeniable, as is the growing recognition of its apparent universality, yet in the absence of a rigorous formalism divorced from the peculiarities of molecular systems all attempts…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-07-06 Themis Matsoukas

The diffuse Galactic synchrotron emission should exhibit a low level of diffuse circular polarization (CP) due to the circular motions of the emitting relativistic electrons. This probes the Galactic magnetic field in a similar way as the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-09-06 Torsten A. Enßlin , Sebastian Hutschenreuter , Valentina Vacca , Niels Oppermann

The equipartition analysis yields estimates of the radius and energy of synchrotron self-absorbed radio sources. Here we generalize this method to relativistic off-axis viewed emitters. We find that the Lorentz factor $\Gamma$ and the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-10 Tatsuya Matsumoto , Tsvi Piran

We show that Kompaneetz equation describing photon diffusion in an environment of an electron gas, when linearized around its equilibrium distribution, coincides with the relativistic diffusion discussed in recent publications. The model of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Z. Haba

Time evolution of macroscopic systems is re-examined primarily through further analysis and extension of the equation of motion for the density matrix $\rho(t)$. Because $\rho$ contains both classical and quantum-mechanical probabilities it…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 W. T. Grandy

In this paper, one of the major shortcomings of the conventional numerical approaches is alleviated by introducing the probabilistic nature of molecular transitions into the framework of classical computational electrodynamics. The main aim…

Classical Physics · Physics 2020-01-24 Ali Reza Hashemi , Mahmood Hosseini-Farzad

The problem of self forces and radiation reaction is solved by conservation of energy methods. The longstanding problem of constant acceleration is solved, and it is shown that the self force does indeed affect the particle's motion, as…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-07-22 Richard T Hammond

Recent results in the theory of multiphoton spectra for coherent radiation sources are overviewed, with the emphasis on channeling radiation. For the latter case, the importance of the order of resummation and averaging is illustrated.…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2015-12-09 M. V. Bondarenco

Synchrotron radiation losses are a significant cause of concern for high-temperature aneutronic fusion reactions such as proton-Boron 11. The fact that radiation losses occur primarily in the high-energy tail, where the radiation itself has…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-07-16 Ian E. Ochs , Mikhail E. Mlodik , Nathaniel J. Fisch

Electron and positron beams in storage-rings self-polarize by emitting spin-flipping synchrotron radiation. If new ultralight particles couple to $e^\pm$, their emission in synchrotron-like radiation would modify the characteristic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-08-28 Iftah Galon

Equation of motion of an uncharged arbitrarily shaped dust particle under the effects of (stellar) electromagnetic radiation and thermal emission is derived. The resulting relativistically covariant equation of motion is expressed in terms…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-07-21 J. Klacka

Within a quasipotential framework a relativistic analysis is presented of the deuteron current. Assuming that the singularities from the nucleon propagators are important, a so-called equal time approximation of the current is constructed.…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 E. Hummel , J. A. Tjon

A closed set of coupled equations of motion for the description of time-dependent electron transport is derived. It provides the time evolution of energy-resolved quantities constructed from non-equilibrium Green functions. By means of an…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-12-10 Alexander Croy , Ulf Saalmann

We investigate synchrotron emission models as the source of gamma ray burst spectra. We show that allowing for synchrotron self absorption and a ``smooth cutoff'' to the electron energy distribution produces a wide range of low energy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-06 Nicole M. Lloyd-Ronning , Vahe' Petrosian

Free electron radiation such as Cerenkov, Smith--Purcell, and transition radiation can be greatly affected by structured optical environments, as has been demonstrated in a variety of polaritonic, photonic-crystal, and metamaterial systems.…

We calculate the time dependent electron distribution under the assumption of continuous injection of new relativistic particles, and assuming radiative cooling (by sinchrotron and inverse Compton) and particle escape. Resulting photon…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Marco Chiaberge , Gabriele Ghisellini

We extend previous work on gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows involving hot thermal electrons at the base of a shock-accelerated tail. Using a physically-motivated electron distribution based on first-principles simulations, we compute…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-01-19 Donald C. Warren , Maria Dainotti , Maxim V. Barkov , Bjorn Ahlgren , Hirotaka Ito , Shigehiro Nagataki

Synchrotron radiation from accelerated electrons above the photosphere of a relativistic ejecta is a natural candidate for the dominant process for the prompt GRB emission. There is however a tension between the predicted low-energy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-29 Frédéric Daigne , Željka Bošnjak

The problem of self-consistently coupling kinetic runaway-electron physics to the macroscopic evolution of the plasma is addressed by dividing the electron population into a bulk and a tail. A probabilistic closure is adopted to determine…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2018-08-01 Eero Hirvijoki , Chang Liu , Guannan Zhang , Diego del-Castillo-Negrete , Dylan Brennan

By describing the dynamical evolution of a test charged particle in the presence of an electromagnetic field as a succession of infinitesimal Lorentz boosts and rotations it is possible to obtain the Lorentz Force of Electrodynamics. A…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-01-21 J. Buitrago
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