Related papers: Event-by-event study of CR composition with the SP…

Using Cerenkov radiation for measuring the refractive index in thick samples by interferometric cathodoluminescence

Cathodoluminescence (CL) has evolved into a standard analytical technique in (scanning) transmission electron microscopy. CL utilizes light excited due to the interactions between the electron-beam and the sample. In the present study we…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-05-01 Michael Stöger-Pollach , Stefan Löffler , Niklas Maurer , Kristyna Bukvisova

Coherent Radio Pulses From GEANT Generated Electromagnetic Showers In Ice

Radio Cherenkov radiation is arguably the most efficient mechanism for detecting showers from ultra-high energy particles of 1 PeV and above. Showers occuring in Antarctic ice should be detectable at distances up to 1 km. We report on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-12 Soebur Razzaque , Surujhdeo Seunarine , David Z. Besson , Douglas W. McKay , John P. Ralston , David Seckel

Cosmic-ray Spectrum and Composition with the IceCube Observatory

This paper reports on recent results from measurements of energy spectrum and nuclear composition of galactic cosmic rays performed with the IceCube Observatory at the South Pole in the energy range between about 300 TeV and 1 EeV.

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-13 Alessio Tamburro

Theory of Cherenkov radiation in periodic dielectric media: Emission spectrum

The Cherenkov radiation is substantially modified in the presence of a medium with a nontrivial dispersion relation. We consider Cherenkov emission spectra of a point charge moving in general three- (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) photonic…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-13 Christian Kremers , Dmitry N. Chigrin , Johann Kroha

The Tunka-133 EAS Cherenkov light array: status of 2011

A new EAS Cherenkov light array, Tunka-133, with ~1 km^2 geometrical area has been installed at the Tunka Valley (50 km from Lake Baikal) in 2009. The array permits a detailed study of cosmic ray energy spectrum and mass composition in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-03 S. F. Berezhnev , D. Besson , A. V. Korobchenko , N. M. Budnev , A. Chiavassa , O. A. Chvalaev , O. A. Gress , A. N. Dyachok , S. N. Epimakhov , A. Haungs , N. I. Karpov , N. N. Kalmykov , E. N. Konstantinov , A. V. Korobchenko , E. E. Korosteleva , V. A. Kozhin , L. A. Kuzmichev , B. K. Lubsandorzhiev , N. B. Lubsandorzhiev , R. R. Mirgazov , M. I. Panasyuk , L. V. Pankov , E. G. Popova , V. V. Prosin , V. S. Ptuskin , Yu. A. Semeney , B. A. Shaibonov , A. A. Silaev , A. A. Silaev , A. V. Skurikhin , J. Snyder , C. Spiering , F. G. Schreoder , M. Stockham , L. G. Sveshnikova , R. Wischnewski , I. V. Yashin , A. V. Zagorodnikov

Energy Spectrum and Mass Composition around the Knee by EAS Measurements

Primary cosmic ray particles above energies of about 100 TeV are investigated by large-area ground based detector installations, observing various components of the development of extensive air-showers (EAS). By such an indirect access to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 A. Haungs

Energy spectra of cosmic-ray nuclei at high energies

We present new measurements of the energy spectra of cosmic-ray (CR) nuclei from the second flight of the balloon-borne experiment Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass (CREAM). The instrument included different particle detectors to provide…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-11-20 H. S. Ahn , P. Allison , M. G. Bagliesi , L. Barbier , J. J. Beatty , G. Bigongiari , T. J. Brandt , J. T. Childers , N. B. Conklin , S. Coutu , M. A. DuVernois , O. Ganel , J. H. Han , J. A. Jeon , K. C. Kim , M. H. Lee , P. Maestro , A. Malinine , P. S. Marrocchesi , S. Minnick , S. I. Mognet , S. W. Nam , S. Nutter , I. H. Park , N. H. Park , E. S. Seo , R. Sina , P. Walpole , J. Wu , J. Yang , Y. S. Yoon , R. Zei , S. Y. Zinn

The Cosmic Ray Background as a Tool for Relative Calibration of Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes

The atmosphere is an intrinsic part of any ground based Cherenkov gamma-ray telescope, and the telescope response is therefore sensitive to unpredictable changes in the atmospheric transparency which are difficult to measure and interpret…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 S. LeBohec , J. Holder

The Non-Imaging CHErenkov Array (NICHE): A TA/TALE Extension to Measure the Flux and Composition of Very-High Energy Cosmic Rays

Co-sited with TA/TALE, the Non-Imaging CHErenkov Array (NICHE) will measure the flux and nuclear composition of cosmic rays from below 10^16 eV to 10^18 eV in its initial deployment. Furthermore, the low-energy threshold can be…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 John Krizmanic , Douglas Bergman , Pierre Sokolsky

A novel approach for deducing the mass composition of cosmic rays from lateral densities of EAS particles

A Monte Carlo (MC) simulation study of cosmic ray (CR) extensive air showers (EAS) has been carried out in the energy regime of the KASCADE experiment. From the characteristics of lateral distributions of electrons and muons of simulated…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-23 Rajat K Dey , Sandip Dam , Animesh Basak

Precise measurements of the cosmic ray proton energy spectrum in the "knee'' region

We report the high-purity identification of cosmic-ray (CR) protons and a precise measurement of their energy spectrum from 0.15 to 12 PeV using the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO). Abundant event statistics, combined…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-29 The LHAASO Collaboration , Zhen Cao , F. Aharonian , Y. X. Bai , Y. W. Bao , D. Bastieri , X. J. Bi , Y. J. Bi , W. Bian , A. V. Bukevich , C. M. Cai , W. Y. Cao , Zhe Cao , J. Chang , J. F. Chang , A. M. Chen , E. S. Chen , G. H. Chen , H. X. Chen , Liang Chen , Long Chen , M. J. Chen , M. L. Chen , Q. H. Chen , S. Chen , S. H. Chen , S. Z. Chen , T. L. Chen , X. B. Chen , X. J. Chen , Y. Chen , N. Cheng , Y. D. Cheng , M. C. Chu , M. Y. Cui , S. W. Cui , X. H. Cui , Y. D. Cui , B. Z. Dai , H. L. Dai , Z. G. Dai , Danzengluobu , Y. X. Diao , X. Q. Dong , K. K. Duan , J. H. Fan , Y. Z. Fan , J. Fang , J. H. Fang , K. Fang , C. F. Feng , H. Feng , L. Feng , S. H. Feng , X. T. Feng , Y. Feng , Y. L. Feng , S. Gabici , B. Gao , C. D. Gao , Q. Gao , W. Gao , W. K. Gao , M. M. Ge , T. T. Ge , L. S. Geng , G. Giacinti , G. H. Gong , Q. B. Gou , M. H. Gu , F. L. Guo , J. Guo , X. L. Guo , Y. Q. Guo , Y. Y. Guo , Y. A. Han , O. A. Hannuksela , M. Hasan , H. H. He , H. N. He , J. Y. He , X. Y. He , Y. He , S. Hernandez-Cadena , B. W. Hou , C. Hou , X. Hou , H. B. Hu , S. C. Hu , C. Huang , D. H. Huang , J. J. Huang , T. Q. Huang , W. J. Huang , X. T. Huang , X. Y. Huang , Y. Huang , Y. Y. Huang , X. L. Ji , H. Y. Jia , K. Jia , H. B. Jiang , K. Jiang , X. W. Jiang , Z. J. Jiang , M. Jin , S. Kaci , M. M. Kang , I. Karpikov , D. Khangulyan , D. Kuleshov , K. Kurinov , B. B. Li , Cheng Li , Cong Li , D. Li , F. Li , H. B. Li , H. C. Li , Jian Li , Jie Li , K. Li , L. Li , R. L. Li , S. D. Li , T. Y. Li , W. L. Li , X. R. Li , Xin Li , Y. Li , Y. Z. Li , Zhe Li , Zhuo Li , E. W. Liang , Y. F. Liang , S. J. Lin , P. Lipari , B. Liu , C. Liu , D. Liu , D. B. Liu , H. Liu , H. D. Liu , J. Liu , J. L. Liu , J. R. Liu , M. Y. Liu , R. Y. Liu , S. M. Liu , W. Liu , X. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. N. Liu , Y. Q. Lou , Q. Luo , Y. Luo , H. K. Lv , B. Q. Ma , L. L. Ma , X. H. Ma , J. R. Mao , Z. Min , W. Mitthumsiri , G. B. Mou , H. J. Mu , A. Neronov , K. C. Y. Ng , M. Y. Ni , L. Nie , L. J. Ou , P. Pattarakijwanich , Z. Y. Pei , J. C. Qi , M. Y. Qi , J. J. Qin , A. Raza , C. Y. Ren , D. Ruffolo , A. Saiz , D. Semikoz , L. Shao , O. Shchegolev , Y. Z. Shen , X. D. Sheng , Z. D. Shi , F. W. Shu , H. C. Song , V. Stepanov , Y. Su , D. X. Sun , H. Sun , Q. N. Sun , X. N. Sun , Z. B. Sun , N. H. Tabasam , J. Takata , P. H. T. Tam , H. B. Tan , Q. W. Tang , R. Tang , Z. B. Tang , W. W. Tian , C. N. Tong , L. H. Wan , C. Wang , G. W. Wang , H. G. Wang , J. C. Wang , K. Wang , Kai Wang , Kai Wang , L. P. Wang , L. Y. Wang , L. Y. Wang , R. Wang , W. Wang , X. G. Wang , X. J. Wang , X. Y. Wang , Y. Wang , Y. D. Wang , Z. H. Wang , Z. X. Wang , Zheng Wang , D. M. Wei , J. J. Wei , Y. J. Wei , T. Wen , S. S. Weng , C. Y. Wu , H. R. Wu , Q. W. Wu , S. Wu , X. F. Wu , Y. S. Wu , S. Q. Xi , J. Xia , J. J. Xia , G. M. Xiang , D. X. Xiao , G. Xiao , Y. L. Xin , Y. Xing , D. R. Xiong , Z. Xiong , D. L. Xu , R. F. Xu , R. X. Xu , W. L. Xu , L. Xue , D. H. Yan , T. Yan , C. W. Yang , C. Y. Yang , F. F. Yang , L. L. Yang , M. J. Yang , R. Z. Yang , W. X. Yang , Z. H. Yang , Z. G. Yao , X. A. Ye , L. Q. Yin , N. Yin , X. H. You , Z. Y. You , Q. Yuan , H. Yue , H. D. Zeng , T. X. Zeng , W. Zeng , X. T. Zeng , M. Zha , B. B. Zhang , B. T. Zhang , C. Zhang , F. Zhang , H. Zhang , H. M. Zhang , H. Y. Zhang , J. L. Zhang , Li Zhang , P. F. Zhang , P. P. Zhang , R. Zhang , S. R. Zhang , S. S. Zhang , W. Y. Zhang , X. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Yi Zhang , Yong Zhang , Z. P. Zhang , J. Zhao , L. Zhao , L. Z. Zhao , S. P. Zhao , X. H. Zhao , Z. H. Zhao , F. Zheng , W. J. Zhong , B. Zhou , H. Zhou , J. N. Zhou , M. Zhou , P. Zhou , R. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , B. Y. Zhu , C. G. Zhu , F. R. Zhu , H. Zhu , K. J. Zhu , Y. C. Zou , X. Zuo

Empirical Model of 10-130 MeV Solar Energetic Particle Spectra at 1 AU Based on Coronal Mass Ejection Speed and Direction

We present a new empirical model to predict solar energetic particle (SEP) event-integrated and peak intensity spectra between 10 and 130 MeV at 1 AU, based on multi-point spacecraft measurements from the Solar TErrestrial RElations…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-24 Alessandro Bruno , Ian G. Richardson

Radiation of Charge Moving along Face of Inverted Prism

Cherenkov radiation (CR) generated by a charge moving along one of the faces of a dielectric prism is analyzed. Unlike our previous papers, here we suppose that the charge moves from the the prism ``nose'' to its base. For CR analysis, we…

Classical Physics · Physics 2022-12-21 Andrey V. Tyukhtin , Sergey N. Galyamin , Viktor V. Vorobev

Simulations of detector arrays and the impact of atmospheric parameters

In Monte-Carlo simulations of gamma-ray or cosmic-ray detector arrays on the ground (here mainly arrays of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes), the atmosphere enters in several ways: in the development of the particle showers, in the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-02-21 Konrad Bernlöhr

Cosmic ray photodisintegration and the knee of the spectrum

We explore in some detail the scenario proposed to explain the observed knee of the cosmic ray (CR) spectrum as due to the effects of photodisintegration of the CR nuclei by interactions with optical and soft UV photons in the source…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Julian Candia , Luis N. Epele , Esteban Roulet

Spectrum of cosmic rays with energy above $10^{17}$ eV

There are some discrepancies in the results on energy spectrum from Yakutsk, AGASA, and HiRes experiments. In this work differential energy spectrum of primary cosmic rays based on the Yakutsk EAS Array data is presented. For the largest…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 S. P. Knurenko , V. P. Egorova , A. V. Glushkov , A. A. Ivanov , A. D. Krasilnikov , I. T. Makarov , A. A. Mikhailov , V. V. Olzoyev , M. I. Pravdin , A. V. Sabourov , I. Ye. Sleptsov , G. G. Struchkov

The Discovery of Cherenkov Radiation and its use in the detection of extensive air showers

Cascades of charged particles are created when high-energy cosmic rays enter the earth's atmosphere: these 'extensive air-showers' are studied to gain information on the energy spectrum, arrival direction distribution and mass composition…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 A A Watson

Temporal signatures of the Cherenkov light induced by extensive air showers of cosmic rays detected with the Yakutsk array

We analyze temporal characteristics of signals from the wide field-of-view (WFOV) Cherenkov telescope (CT) detecting extensive air showers (EAS) of cosmic rays (CR) in coincidence with surface detectors of the Yakutsk array. Our aim is to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-24 A. A. Ivanov , L. V. Timofeev

Impact of atmospheric parameters on the atmospheric Cherenkov technique

Atmospheric density profiles as well as several light absorption and scattering processes depend on geographic position and are generally time-variable. Their impact on the atmospheric Cherenkov technique in general (imaging or non-imaging)…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Konrad Bernloehr

On the transition from Galactic to extragalactic cosmic-rays: spectral and composition features from two opposite scenarios

We study the phenomenology of cosmic-rays (CRs) at the galactic/extragalactic transition, focusing on two opposite models for the composition of the extragalactic (EG) component. Model A assumes a mixed source composition, with nuclear…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-12 D. Allard , E. Parizot , A. V. Olinto