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A real \alpha is called recursively enumerable ("r.e." for short) if there exists a computable, increasing sequence of rationals which converges to \alpha. It is known that the randomness of an r.e. real \alpha can be characterized in…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-05-13 Kohtaro Tadaki

We introduce the notion of a lowering-raising (or LR) triple of linear transformations on a nonzero finite-dimensional vector space. We show how to normalize an LR triple, and classify up to isomorphism the normalized LR triples. We…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2015-08-10 Paul Terwilliger

In this work we study randomised reduction strategies,a notion already known in the context of abstract reduction systems, for the $\lambda$-calculus. We develop a simple framework that allows us to prove a randomised strategy to be…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Ugo Dal Lago , Gabriele Vanoni

We study algorithmic randomness properties for probability measures on Cantor space. We say that a measure $\mu$ on the space of infinite bit sequences is ML absolutely continuous if the non-ML-random bit sequences form a null set with…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-10-19 Andre Nies , Frank Stephan

We show that the (truth-table) Medvedev degree KLR of Kolmogorov--Loveland randomness coincides with that of Martin L\"of randomness, MLR, answering a question of Miyabe. Next, an analogue of complex packing dimension is studied which gives…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-04-30 Bjørn Kjos-Hanssen , David J. Webb

We introduce semaphore codes associated to a Turing machine via resets. Semaphore codes provide an approximation theory for resets. In this paper we generalize the set-up of our previous paper "Random walks on semaphore codes and delay de…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-07-08 John Rhodes , Anne Schilling , Pedro V. Silva

We call an $\alpha \in \mathbb{R}$ regainingly approximable if there exists a computable nondecreasing sequence $(a_n)_n$ of rational numbers converging to $\alpha$ with $\alpha - a_n < 2^{-n}$ for infinitely many $n \in \mathbb{N}$. We…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-02-11 Peter Hertling , Rupert Hölzl , Philip Janicki

The low for random reals are characterized topologically, as well as in terms of domination of Turing functionals on a set of positive measure.

Logic · Mathematics 2014-08-12 Bjørn Kjos-Hanssen

This paper, broadly speaking, covers the use of randomness in two main areas: low-rank approximation and kernel methods. Low-rank approximation is very important in numerical linear algebra. Many applications depend on matrix decomposition…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-08-12 Rishi Advani , Madison Crim , Sean O'Hagan

We show that part I of uniform Martin's conjecture follows from a local phenomenon, namely that if a non-constant Turing invariant function goes from the Turing degree $\boldsymbol x$ to the Turing degree $\boldsymbol y$, then $\boldsymbol…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-07-26 Vittorio Bard

We study the interaction between polynomial space randomness and a fundamental result of analysis, the Lebesgue differentiation theorem. We generalize Ko's framework for polynomial space computability in $\mathbb{R}^n$ to define…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-04-27 Xiang Huang , D. M. Stull

We investigate the strength of a randomness notion $\mathcal R$ as a set-existence principle in second-order arithmetic: for each $Z$ there is an $X$ that is $\mathcal R$-random relative to $Z$. We show that the equivalence between…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-09-04 André Nies , Paul Shafer

We consider a set of one-dimensional transformations of Gaussian random functions. Under natural assumptions we obtain a connection between $L_2$-small ball asymptotics of the transformed function and of the original one. Also the explicit…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-05-15 A. I. Nazarov

We show that a computable function $f:\mathbb R\rightarrow\mathbb R$ has Luzin's property (N) if and only if it reflects $\Pi^1_1$-randomnes, if and only if it reflects $\Delta^1_1(\mathcal O)$-randomness, and if and only if it reflects…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-09-29 Arno Pauly , Linda Westrick , Liang Yu

The development of randomized algorithms for numerical linear algebra, e.g. for computing approximate QR and SVD factorizations, has recently become an intense area of research. This paper studies one of the most frequently discussed…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2013-08-28 Rafi Witten , Emmanuel Candes

Open sets are central to mathematics, especially analysis and topology, in ways few notions are. In most, if not all, computational approaches to mathematics, open sets are only studied indirectly via their 'codes' or 'representations'. In…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-08-15 Dag Normann , Sam Sanders

In a variety of applications it is important to extract information from a probability measure $\mu$ on an infinite dimensional space. Examples include the Bayesian approach to inverse problems and possibly conditioned) continuous time…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-06-02 Frank Pinski , Gideon Simpson , Andrew Stuart , Hendrik Weber

We study relative precompleteness in the context of the theory of numberings, and relate this to a notion of lowness. We introduce a notion of divisibility for numberings, and use it to show that for the class of divisible numberings,…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-11-24 Anton Golov , Sebastiaan A. Terwijn

A concept of randomness for infinite time register machines (ITRMs) is defined and studied. In particular, we show that for this notion of randomness, computability from mutually random reals implies computability and that an analogue of…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Merlin Carl

Martin's Conjecture states that every definable function on the Turing degrees is either constant or increasing, and that every increasing function is an iterate of the Turing jump. This classification has already been corroborated for the…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Antonio Nakid Cordero