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Cryptography literally means "The art & science of secret writing & sending a message between two parties in such a way that its contents cannot be understood by someone other than the intended recipient". and Quantum word is related with…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2010-07-15 Aditya Goel

This review examines how quantum computing and artificial intelligence challenge current cryptographic systems. We analyze the literature to assess the resilience of algorithms against quantum attacks (Shor's and Grover's algorithms) and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Viraaji Mothukuri , Reza M. Parizi

Secure communication has achieved a new dimension with the advent of the schemes of quantum key distribution (QKD) as in contrast to classical cryptography, quantum cryptography can provide unconditional security. However, a successful…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-09 Arindam Dutta , Anirban Pathak

The quantum threat to cybersecurity has accelerated the standardization of Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC). Migrating legacy software to these quantum-safe algorithms is not a simple library swap, but a new software engineering challenge:…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Lei Zhang

Quantum cryptography -- the application of quantum computing techniques to cryptography has been extensively investigated. Two major directions of quantum cryptography are quantum key distribution (QKD) and quantum encryption, with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-11 Zixuan Hu , Sabre Kais

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is rapidly transitioning from cutting-edge laboratory research to real-world deployment in established communication networks. Although QKD promises future-proof security, practical challenges stil exist due…

Quantum cryptography is arguably the fastest growing area in quantum information science. Novel theoretical protocols are designed on a regular basis, security proofs are constantly improving, and experiments are gradually moving from…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) refers to specific quantum strategies which permit the secure distribution of a secret key between two parties that wish to communicate secretly. Quantum cryptography has proven unconditionally secure in ideal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-10-14 C. Rodó , O. Romero-Isart , K. Eckert , A. Sanpera

The advent of quantum computing threatens classical cryptographic mechanisms, demanding new strategies for securing communication networks. Since real-world networks cannot be fully Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)-enabled due to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Ane Sanz , Eire Salegi , Asier Atutxa , David Franco , Jasone Astorga , Eduardo Jacob

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is the most widely studied quantum cryptographic model that exploits quantum effects to achieve information-theoretically secure key establishment. Conventional QKD contains public classical post-processing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-07 Zixuan Hu , Zhenyu Li

Quantum secret sharing (QSS) is a cryptographic protocol that leverages quantum mechanics to distribute a secret among multiple parties. With respect to the classical counterpart, in QSS the secret is encoded into quantum states and shared…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-06 Alessio Di Santo , Walter Tiberti , Dajana Cassioli

Optical layer attacks on communication networks are one of the weakest reinforced areas of the network, allowing attackers to overcome security when proper safeguards are not put into place. Here, we present our solution or Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-18 Adrian Chan , Mostafa Khalil , Kh Arif Shahriar , David V. Plant , Lawrence R. Chen , Randy Kuang

Suppose some data have been encrypted, can you compute with the data without decrypting them? This problem has been studied as homomorphic encryption and blind computing. We consider this problem in the context of quantum information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-26 Min Liang

In modern cryptography, block encryption is a fundamental cryptographic primitive. However, it is impossible for block encryption to achieve the same security as one-time pad. Quantum mechanics has changed the modern cryptography, and lots…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-17 Min Liang , Li Yang

Quantum digital signatures (QDS), generating correlated bit strings among three remote parties for signatures through quantum law, can guarantee non-repudiation, authenticity, and integrity of messages. Recently, one-time universal hashing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-09 Bing-Hong Li , Yuan-Mei Xie , Xiao-Yu Cao , Chen-Long Li , Yao Fu , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

Advances in quantum physics and computational complexity threaten the security of present day cryptographic systems and have driven the development of quantum key distribution (QKD). Entangled quantum key distribution (EQKD) is a secure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-09-08 Patrick Rice , Israel J. Owens

Millions of devices are going to participate in 5G producing a huge space for security threats. The 5G specification goals require rigid and robust security protocol against such threats. Quantum cryptography is a recently emerged term in…

Methods of quantum mechanics promise information-theoretic security for various protocols in cryptography. However, impossibility of some cryptographic applications such as standard bit commitment, oblivious transfer, multiparty secure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-03 Muhammad Nadeem

Quantum key distribution (QKD) represents a cornerstone of secure communication in the quantum era. While discrete-variable QKD (DV-QKD) protocols were historically the first to demonstrate secure key exchange, continuous-variable QKD…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-30 Mobin Motaharifar , Mahmood Hasani , Hassan Kaatuzian

Here we introduce an improved approach to Variational Quantum Attack Algorithms (VQAA) on crytographic protocols. Our methods provide robust quantum attacks to well-known cryptographic algorithms, more efficiently and with remarkably fewer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-17 Borja Aizpurua , Pablo Bermejo , Josu Etxezarreta Martinez , Roman Orus