Related papers: Fast Fermi Acceleration and Entropy Growth
Fast magnetic reconnection may occur in different astrophysical sources, producing flare-like emission and particle acceleration. Currently, this process is being studied as an efficient mechanism to accelerate particles via a first-order…
Observation indicates that the expansion of the Universe is accelerating and favours a dynamical cosmological constant, \Lambda(t). We consider the possibility that this is due to a scalar field which has undergone a very recent phase…
With the help of time-dependent scattering theory on the observable algebra of infinitely extended quasifree fermionic chains, we introduce a general class of so-called right mover/left mover states which are inspired by the nonequilibrium…
Complex systems can convert energy imparted by nonequilibrium forces to regulate how quickly they transition between long lived states. While such behavior is ubiquitous in natural and synthetic systems, currently there is no general…
In this review we consider those processes in condensed matter that involve the irreversible flow of energy between electrons and nuclei that follows from a system being taken out of equilibrium. We survey some of the more important…
Using fully kinetic simulations, we demonstrate that magnetic reconnection in relativistic plasmas is highly efficient at accelerating particles through a first-order Fermi process resulting from the curvature drift of particles in the…
Magnetic reconnection in the relativistic regime has been proposed as an important process for the efficient production of nonthermal particles and high-energy emissions. Using fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations, we investigate how…
Entropic Dynamics is a framework in which dynamical laws are derived as an application of entropic methods of inference. No underlying action principle is postulated. Instead, the dynamics is driven by entropy subject to the constraints…
The impact of a fast decaying component of mass-energy, that decreases faster than radiation with the increase of the scale factor, on the evolution of the universe is studied using a hydrodynamic approach. Proceeding from the Hamiltonian…
We investigate the Fermi acceleration of charged particles in 2D MHD anti-parallel plasmoid reconnection, finding a drastic enhancement in energization rate $\dot{\varepsilon}$ over a standard Fermi model of $\dot{\varepsilon} \sim…
We calculate the mobility of a heavy particle coupled to a Fermi sea within a non-perturbative approach valid at all temperatures. The interplay of particle recoil and of strong coupling effects, leading to the orthogonality catastrophe for…
The Fermi-Hubbard model is a key concept in condensed matter physics and provides crucial insights into electronic and magnetic properties of materials. Yet, the intricate nature of Fermi systems poses a barrier to answer important…
Fermi co-ordinates are proper co-ordinates of a local observer determined by his trajectory in space-time. Two observers at different positions belong to different Fermi frames even if there is no relative motion between them. Use of Fermi…
We describe the theory of Fermi-type acceleration, including first-order Fermi acceleration at a parallel shock front and second-order Fermi acceleration in a test particle limit. Including the theory of the turbulent acceleration and the…
We propose the particle acceleration model coupled with multiple plasmoid ejections in a solar flare. Unsteady reconnection produces plasmoids in a current sheet and ejects them out to the fast shocks, where particles in a plasmoid are…
Electrons interact strongly with their environment. The result of these interactions is, most of the time, encoded in an effective mass. In non-relativistic systems, as in condensed matter, the electrons plus interactions form a…
We derive a new method to infer from data the out-of-equilibrium alignment dynamics of collectively moving animal groups, by considering the maximum entropy distribution consistent with temporal and spatial correlations of flight direction.…
We show a new mechanism to extract energy from non-equilibrium fluctuations typical of periodically driven non-Hermitian systems. The transduction of energy between the driving force and the system is revealed by an \emph{anomalous}…
We derive generic upper bounds on the rate of purity change and entropy increase for open quantum systems. These bounds depend solely on the generators of the nonunitary dynamics and are independent of the particular states of the systems.…
Astrophysical media are turbulent and therefore reconnection should be treated in the presence of pre-existing turbulence. We consider the model of fast magnetic reconnection in Lazarian & Vishniac (1999) which predicts that the rate of…