Related papers: Background subtraction and transient timing with B…
Raman spectroscopy has attracted interest as a non-invasive optical technique to study the composition and structure of a wide range of materials at the microscopic level. The intrinsic fluorescence background can be orders of magnitude…
This study explores various data-driven methods for performing background-model selection, and for assigning uncertainty on the signal-strength estimator that arises due to the choice of background model. The performance of these methods is…
Background subtraction is a significant component of computer vision systems. It is widely used in video surveillance, object tracking, anomaly detection, etc. A new data source for background subtraction appeared as the emergence of…
Matrix completion and robust principal component analysis have been widely used for the recovery of data suffering from missing entries or outliers. In many real-world applications however, the data is also time-varying, and the naive…
The hard-scatter processes in hadronic collisions are often largely contaminated with soft background coming from pileup in proton-proton collisions, or underlying event in heavy-ion collisions. This paper presents a new background…
Astrometric surveys offer us a method to search for elusive cosmic signatures, such as ultralight dark photon dark matter and gravitational waves, by observing the deflection to the apparent positions of the stars. The detection…
Astronomical images in the Poisson regime are typically characterized by a spatially varying cosmic background, large variety of source morphologies and intensities, data incompleteness, steep gradients in the data, and few photon counts…
Block coordinate descent is an optimization paradigm that iteratively updates one block of variables at a time, making it quite amenable to big data applications due to its scalability and performance. Its convergence behavior has been…
Prompt isolated leptons are essential in many analyses in high-energy particle physics but are subject to fake-lepton background, i.e. objects that mimic the lepton signature. The fake-lepton background is difficult to estimate from…
Atmospheric lidar observations provide a unique capability to directly observe the vertical column of cloud and aerosol scattering properties. Detector and solar background noise, however, hinder the ability of lidar systems to provide…
We present in this article the use of probabilistic background constraints in astronomical image deconvolution to approach to a solution as an interval estimate. We elaborate our objective -- the interval estimate of the unknown object from…
An important task when processing sensor data is to distinguish relevant from irrelevant data. This paper describes a method for an iterative singular value decomposition that maintains a model of the background via singular vectors…
The mass discrepancy problem, observed in high-mass stars within eclipsing binaries, highlights systematic differences between dynamical and evolutionary mass estimates, challenging the accuracy of stellar evolution models. We aim to…
A new fast Bayesian approach is introduced for the detection of discrete objects immersed in a diffuse background. This new method, called PowellSnakes, speeds up traditional Bayesian techniques by: i) replacing the standard form of the…
We study the application of a Bayesian method to extract relevant information from data for the case of a signal consisting of two or more decaying particles and its background. The method takes advantage of the dependence that exists in…
With a Bayesian approach, the linear optics correction algorithm for storage rings is revisited. Starting from the Bayes' theorem, a complete linear optics model is simplified as "likelihood functions" and "prior probability distributions".…
Background properties in experimental particle physics are typically estimated using large data sets. However, different events can exhibit different features because of the quantum mechanical nature of the underlying physics processes.…
The analysis of individual X-ray sources that appear in a crowded field can easily be compromised by the misallocation of recorded events to their originating sources. Even with a small number of sources, that nonetheless have overlapping…
The light we receive from distant astrophysical objects carries information about their origins and the physical mechanisms that power them. The study of these signals, however, is complicated by the fact that observations are often a…
Background subtraction (BGS) is utilized to detect moving objects in a video and is commonly employed at the onset of object tracking and human recognition processes. Nevertheless, existing BGS techniques utilizing deep learning still…