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We use scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and Auger electron spectroscopy to study the behavior of adsorbed phosphine (PH$_{3}$) on Si(001), as a function of annealing temperature, paying particular attention to the formation of the Si-P…
Two-dimensional terahertz spectroscopy (2DTS) is a low-frequency analogue of two-dimensional optical spectroscopy that is rapidly maturing as a probe of a wide variety of condensed matter systems. However, a persistent problem of 2DTS is…
As an in situ combustion diagnostic tool, Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) tomography has been widely used for imaging of two-dimensional temperature distributions in reactive flows. Compared with the computational…
We present here a comprehensive search for the structure of the Si(553)-Au reconstruction. More than two hundred different trial structures have been studied using first-principles density-functional calculations with the SIESTA code. An…
Ptychography is a data-intensive computational imaging technique that achieves high spatial resolution over large fields of view. The technique involves scanning a coherent beam across overlapping regions and recording diffraction patterns.…
Photons excited into ground state modes at finite temperature display partitioning among photon phases, lifetimes and distances travelled since creation. These distributions set the distance from an interface a created photon has some…
The intricate fine structure of Kikuchi diffraction plays a vital role in probing phase transformations and strain distributions in functional materials, particularly in electron microscopy. Beyond these applications, it also proves…
Systematic investigations including both simulation and prototype tests have been done about the interpolating resistive readout structure with GEM (Gaseous Electron Multiplier) detector. From the simulation, we have a good knowledge of the…
Speed-of-sound is a biomechanical property for quantitative tissue differentiation, with great potential as a new ultrasound-based image modality. A conventional ultrasound array transducer can be used together with an acoustic mirror, or…
Electron diffraction through a thin patterned silicon membrane can be used to create complex spatial modulations in electron distributions by varying the intensity of different reflections using parameters such as crystallographic…
A new instrument for spot profile analysis of electron diffraction - SPA-LEED - has been set up. The instrument works either with a transparent phosphor screen for visual inspection of the pattern or in its main mode with a channeltron for…
Nanoscale topological polar textures promise new functionalities for ferroelectric memories and logic, yet their three-dimensional structure and mesoscale organization remain experimentally inaccessible. Here we introduce depth-resolved…
The effect of hydrogenation on the topography and the electronic properties of graphene and graphite surfaces are studied by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. The surfaces are chemically modified using Ar/H2 plasma. Analyzing…
Spectroscopy requires high-precision wavelength discrimination but typically requires bulky, alignment-sensitive instrumentation. To address this, we present a compact computational spectrometer built from a single germanium PN photodiode.…
The 2D layer Green function scattering method is used to calculate the energy of surface states and resonances at Gamma-bar for Al(111) for both below and above the vacuum level. The surface barrier potential is represented by an empirical…
We study the initial interaction of adsorbed H2O with P-rich and Ga-rich GaP(100) surfaces. Atomically well defined surfaces are prepared by metal-organic vapour phase epitaxy and transferred contamination-free to ultra-high vacuum, where…
Indium selenide is a phase-change chalcogenide whose polymorphism enables a variety of physical properties to be tuned. Here we directly quantify the evolution of the surface work function across the amorphous-to-crystalline transition in…
The surface structure of the SrTiO$_3$(110) polar surface is studied by scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Monophased reconstructions in (5$\times$1), (4$\times$1), (2$\times$8), and (6$\times$8) are…
The growth and annealing behavior of strongly twinned homoepitaxial films on Ir(111) has been investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy, low energy electron diffraction and surface X-ray diffraction. In situ surface X-ray diffraction…
Methods for 3D reconstruction such as Photometric stereo recover the shape and reflectance properties using multiple images of an object taken with variable lighting conditions from a fixed viewpoint. Photometric stereo assumes that a scene…