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We consider random instances of non-convex perceptron problems in the high-dimensional limit of a large number of examples $M$ and weights $N$, with finite load $\alpha = M/N$. We develop a formalism based on replica theory to predict the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-02-11 Elizaveta Demyanenko , Davide Straziota , Carlo Baldassi , Carlo Lucibello

The principle of maximum entropy is a broadly applicable technique for computing a distribution with the least amount of information possible while constrained to match empirically estimated feature expectations. However, in many real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Kenneth Bogert , Yikang Gui , Prashant Doshi

Importance sampling is a rare event simulation technique used in Monte Carlo simulations to bias the sampling distribution towards the rare event of interest. By assigning appropriate weights to sampled points, importance sampling allows…

We consider the problem of estimating the population probability distribution given a finite set of multivariate samples, using the maximum entropy approach. In strict keeping with Jaynes' original definition, our precise formulation of the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-07-13 Sabbir Rahman , Mahbub Majumdar

A common statistical situation concerns inferring an unknown distribution Q(x) from a known distribution P(y), where X (dimension n), and Y (dimension m) have a known functional relationship. Most commonly, n<m, and the task is relatively…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2016-02-01 Jayajit Das , Sayak Mukherjee , Susan E. Hodge

Vector approximate message passing (VAMP) is an efficient approximate inference algorithm used for generalized linear models. Although VAMP exhibits excellent performance, particularly when measurement matrices are sampled from rotationally…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Takashi Takahashi , Yoshiyuki Kabashima

The statistics and machine learning communities have recently seen a growing interest in classification-based approaches to two-sample testing. The outcome of a classification-based two-sample test remains a rejection decision, which is not…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-15 Loris Michel , Jeffrey Näf , Nicolai Meinshausen

We provide a general methodology for unbiased estimation for intractable stochastic models. We consider situations where the target distribution can be written as an appropriate limit of distributions, and where conventional approaches…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-12-01 Sergios Agapiou , Gareth O. Roberts , Sebastian J. Vollmer

A procedure for unfolding the true distribution from experimental data is presented. Machine learning methods are applied for simultaneous identification of an apparatus function and solving of an inverse problem. A priori information about…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2011-05-26 Nikolai Gagunashvili

In the setting where we have $n$ independent observations of a random variable $X$, we derive explicit error bounds in total variation distance when approximating the number of observations equal to the maximum of the sample (in the case…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-10 Fraser Daly

A new method to simulate probability distributions in regions where the events are VERY unlikely (e.g. p ~ 10^{-40}) is presented. The basic idea is to represent the underlying probability space by the phase space of a physical system. The…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-07 Alexander K. Hartmann

An important challenge in statistical analysis concerns the control of the finite sample bias of estimators. For example, the maximum likelihood estimator has a bias that can result in a significant inferential loss. This problem is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-04 Stéphane Guerrier , Mucyo Karemera , Samuel Orso , Maria-Pia Victoria-Feser

This paper focuses on the problem of finding a distribution for an associated entropic vector in the entropy space nearest to a given, possibly non-entropic, target vector for random variables with a constraint on alphabet size. We show the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Sultan Alam , Satyajit Thakor , Syed Abbas

Let $p$ be an unknown and arbitrary probability distribution over $[0,1)$. We consider the problem of {\em density estimation}, in which a learning algorithm is given i.i.d. draws from $p$ and must (with high probability) output a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-11-04 Siu-On Chan , Ilias Diakonikolas , Rocco A. Servedio , Xiaorui Sun

Machine learning theory has mostly focused on generalization to samples from the same distribution as the training data. Whereas a better understanding of generalization beyond the training distribution where the observed distribution…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-29 Matias Vera , Pablo Piantanida , Leonardo Rey Vega

We propose a method for the accurate estimation of rare event or failure probabilities for expensive-to-evaluate numerical models in high dimensions. The proposed approach combines ideas from large deviation theory and adaptive importance…

Computation · Statistics 2023-03-28 Shanyin Tong , Georg Stadler

We study generalized bootstrap confidence regions for the mean of a random vector whose coordinates have an unknown dependency structure. The random vector is supposed to be either Gaussian or to have a symmetric and bounded distribution.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-07-02 Sylvain Arlot , Gilles Blanchard , Etienne Roquain

We propose a method to derive the stationary size distributions of a system, and the degree distributions of networks, using maximisation of the Gibbs-Shannon entropy. We apply this to a preferential attachment-type algorithm for systems of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-03-17 Cornelia Metzig , Caroline Colijn

The problem of assigning probability distributions which objectively reflect the prior information available about experiments is one of the major stumbling blocks in the use of Bayesian methods of data analysis. In this paper the method of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-11-10 Ariel Caticha , Roland Preuss

Previous work on controllable text generation has explored the idea of control from the latent space, such as optimizing a representation with attribute-related classifiers or sampling a representation from relevant discrete samples.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Yuxuan Gu , Xiaocheng Feng , Sicheng Ma , Lingyuan Zhang , Heng Gong , Weihong Zhong , Bing Qin