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A wide variety of outstanding problems in astrophysics involve the motion of a large number of particles ($N\gtrsim 10^{6}$) under the force of gravity. These include the global evolution of globular clusters, tidal disruptions of stars by…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-29 Cristián Maureira-Fredes , Pau Amaro-Seoane

Forward time step integrators are splitting algorithms with only positive splitting coefficients. When used in solving physical evolution equations, these positive coefficients correspond to positive time steps. Forward algorithms are…

Computational Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Siu A. Chin

Hill's equations are an approximation that is useful in a number of areas of astrophysics including planetary rings and planetesimal disks. We derive a symplectic method for integrating Hill's equations based on a generalized leapfrog. This…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 T. Quinn , R. P. Perrine , D. C. Richardson , R. Barnes

In this work, we present a symplectic integration scheme to numerically compute space debris motion. Such an integrator is particularly suitable to obtain reliable trajectories of objects lying on high orbits, especially geostationary ones.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Ch. Hubaux , A. Lemaître , N. Delsate , T. Carletti

We derive a new criterion for estimating characteristic dynamical timescales in N-body simulations. The criterion uses the second, third, and fourth derivatives of particle positions: acceleration, jerk, and snap. It can be used for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-09 Dang Pham , Hanno Rein , David S. Spiegel

A new approach is developed to integrate numerically the equations of motion for systems of interacting rigid polyatomic molecules. With the aid of a leapfrog framework, we directly involve principal angular velocities into the integration,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Igor P. Omelyan

Time-symmetric integration schemes share with symplectic schemes the property that their energy errors show a much better behavior than is the case for generic integration schemes. Allowing adaptive time steps typically leads to a loss of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Murat Kaplan , Hasan Saygin , Piet Hut , Jun Makino

Many force-gradient explicit symplectic integration algorithms have been designed for the Hamiltonian $H=T (\mathbf{p})+V(\mathbf{q})$ with kinetic energy $T(\mathbf{p})=\mathbf{p}^2/2$ in the existing references. When the force-gradient…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-11-10 Lina Zhang , Xin Wu , Enwei Liang

We present a novel method for efficient direct integration of gravitational N-body systems with a large variation in characteristic time scales. The method is based on a recursive and adaptive partitioning of the system based on the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-08 Jürgen Jänes , Federico I. Pelupessy , Simon F. Portegies Zwart

Symplectic integrators have made it possible to study the long-term evolution of planetary systems with direct N-body simulations. In this paper we reassess the accuracy of such simulations by running a convergence test on 20Myr…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-06 Hanno Rein , Garett Brown , Daniel Tamayo

In this note we approach the classical, Newtonian, gravitational $N$-body problem by mean of a new, original numerical integration method. After a short summary of the fundamental characteristics of the problem, including a sketch of some…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 V. Parisi , R. Capuzzo-Dolcetta

We present sixth- and eighth-order Hermite integrators for astrophysical $N$-body simulations, which use the derivatives of accelerations up to second order ({\it snap}) and third order ({\it crackle}). These schemes do not require previous…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Keigo Nitadori , Junichiro Makino

This article considers Hamiltonian mechanical systems with potential functions admitting jump discontinuities. The focus is on accurate and efficient numerical approximations of their solutions, which will be defined via the laws of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-01-05 Molei Tao , Shi Jin

We present a detailed comparison of several integration schemes applied to the dynamic system consisting of a charged particle on the Kerr background endowed with the axisymmetric electromagnetic test field. In particular, we compare the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-03-02 Ondřej Kopáček , Vladimír Karas , Jiří Kovář , Zdeněk Stuchlík

The shearing sheet is a model dynamical system that is used to study the small-scale dynamics of astrophysical disks. Numerical simulations of particle trajectories in the shearing sheet usually employ the leapfrog integrator, but this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-06-17 Hanno Rein , Scott Tremaine

Reliable studies of the long-term dynamics of planetary systems require numerical integrators that are accurate and fast. The challenge is often formidable because the chaotic nature of many systems requires relative numerical error bounds…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-07 Richard E. Zeebe

We consider the numerical integration of the matrix Hill's equation. Parametric resonances can appear and this property is of great interest in many different physical applications. Usually, the Hill's equations originate from a Hamiltonian…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-12-09 Philipp Bader , Sergio Blanes , Enrique Ponsoda , Muaz Seydaoğlu

The existence of explicit symplectic integrators for general nonseparable Hamiltonian systems is an open and important problem in both numerical analysis and computing in science and engineering, as explicit integrators are usually more…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-18 Lijie Mei , Xinyuan Wu , Yaolin Jiang

A novel symplectic integrator for Hamiltonian equations on $S_2^n \times T^{\ast} \RR^m$ is developed and studied. Partitioned Runge--Kutta methods for Hamiltonian systems on products of Hamiltionian manifolds are studied, specifically,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-09-18 Geir Bogfjellmo

This letter studies symmetric and symplectic exponential integrators when applied to numerically computing nonlinear Hamiltonian systems. We first establish the symmetry and symplecticity conditions of exponential integrators and then show…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-12-11 Yajun Wu , Bin Wang