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A variational principle for Lagrangian densities containing derivatives of real order is formulated and the invariance of this principle is studied in two characteristic cases. Necessary and sufficient conditions for an infinitesimal…
In this paper we prove that local fractional derivatives of differentiable functions are integer-order derivative or zero operator. We demonstrate that the local fractional derivatives are limits of the left-sided Caputo fractional…
The paper discusses the characteristic properties of fractional derivatives of non-integer order. It is known that derivatives of integer orders are determined by properties of differentiable functions only in an infinitely small…
We prove maximum and comparison principles for fractional discrete derivatives in the integers. Regularity results when the space is a mesh of length $h$, and approximation theorems to the continuous fractional derivatives are shown. When…
The idea of fractional derivatives has a long history that dates back centuries. Apart from their intriguing mathematical properties, fractional derivatives have been studied widely in physics, for example in quantum mechanics and generally…
It is argued that the evolution of complex phenomena ought to be described by fractional, differential, stochastic equations whose solutions have scaling properties and are therefore random, fractal functions. To support this argument we…
We study some functionals associated with a process driven by a fractional boundary value problem (FBVP for short). By FBVP we mean a Cauchy problem with boundary condition written in terms of a fractional equation, that is an equation…
The aim of this paper is to exhibit a necessary and sufficient condition of optimality for functionals depending on fractional integrals and derivatives, on indefinite integrals and on presence of time delay. We exemplify with one example,…
This paper builds on the notion of the so-called orthogonal derivative, where an n-th order derivative is approximated by an integral involving an orthogonal polynomial of degree n. This notion was reviewed in great detail in a paper in J.…
The {Farey fractions} $F_n$ of order $n$ consist of all fractions $\frac{h}{k}$ in lowest terms lying in the closed unit interval and having denominator at most $n$. This paper considers the products $F_n$ of all nonzero Farey fractions of…
The paper is devoted to the development of control procedures with a guide for conflict-controlled dynamical systems described by ordinary fractional differential equations with the Caputo derivative of an order $\alpha \in (0, 1).$ For the…
The friction force is derived using fractional calculus by considering the non-uniform flow of time in dissipative processes. The approach incorporates inhomogeneous velocity without unphysical approximations, resulting in a Lagrangian…
We introduce a stochastic fractional calculus. As an application, we present a stochastic fractional calculus of variations, which generalizes the fractional calculus of variations to stochastic processes. A stochastic fractional…
We discuss a dynamic procedure that makes the fractional derivatives emerge in the time asymptotic limit of non-Poisson processes. We find that two-state fluctuations, with an inverse power-law distribution of waiting times, finite first…
Recently, the authors Khalil, R., Al Horani, M., Yousef. A. and Sababheh, M., in " A new Denition Of Fractional Derivative, J. Comput. Appl. Math. 264. pp. 6570, 2014. " introduced a new simple well-behaved definition of the fractional…
We consider boundary value problems with Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives of order $s\in (1, 2)$ with non-constant diffusion and reaction coefficients. A variational formulation is derived and analyzed leading to the well-posedness…
The aim of this paper is to bring together two approaches to non-conservative systems -- the generalized variational principle of Herglotz and the fractional calculus of variations. Namely, we consider functionals whose extrema are sought,…
Contrary to integer order derivative, the fractional-order derivative of a non-constant periodic function is not a periodic function with the same period, as a consequence of this property the time-invariant fractional order system does not…
We study fractional variational problems of Herglotz type of variable order. Necessary optimality conditions, described by fractional differential equations depending on a combined Caputo fractional derivative of variable order, are proved.…
A unified explicit form for difference formulas to approximate the fractional and classical derivatives is presented. The formula gives finite difference approximations for any classical derivatives with a desired order of accuracy at nodal…