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Uncovering rationales behind predictions of graph neural networks (GNNs) has received increasing attention over recent years. Instance-level GNN explanation aims to discover critical input elements, like nodes or edges, that the target GNN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Tianxiang Zhao , Dongsheng Luo , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang

This article was motivated by the discovery of a potential new foundation for mainstream mathematics. The goals are to clarify the relationships between primitives, foundations, and deductive practice; to understand how to determine what…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-02-18 Frank Quinn

We rewrite simplicially the standard definitions of a complete first order theory, a model of it, and various characterisations of stability of a complete first order theory. In our reformulations the simplicial language replaces the…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-02 Misha Gavrilovich

We prove that if $\lambda$ is a fixed uncountable cardinal and $f = \langle \ka_{\al} : \al < \delta \rangle$ is a sequence of infinite cardinals where $\delta < \omega_3$ and $\ka_{\al}\in \{\om,\lambda\}$ for each $\al < \delta$ in such a…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-12-02 Juan Carlos Martínez , Lajos Soukup

The independence of the continuum hypothesis is a result of broad impact: it settles a basic question regarding the nature of N and R, two of the most familiar mathematical structures; it introduces the method of forcing that has become the…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2022-09-05 Serafim Batzoglou

We show that the following two theories are equiconsistent: (T) ZFC, CH and "There is a dense ideal on the first uncountable cardinal such that if j is the generic embedding associated with it then its restriction on ordinals is independent…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-09-21 Dominik Adolf , Grigor Sargsyan , Nam Trang , Trevor Wilson , Martin Zeman

We study models M of set theory that are "condensable", in the sense that there is an "ordinal" v of M such that the rank initial segment of M determined by v is both isomorphic to M, and also an elementary submodel of M for infinitary…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-06-21 Ali Enayat

This paper continues the author's previous study \cite{Kura20}, showing that several weak principles inspired by non-normal modal logic suffice to derive various refined forms of the second incompleteness theorem. Among the main results of…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-08-12 Taishi Kurahashi

Many set theorists point to the linearity phenomenon in the hierarchy of consistency strength, by which natural theories tend to be linearly ordered and indeed well ordered by consistency strength. Why should it be linear? In this paper I…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-08-29 Joel David Hamkins

We develop foundational aspects of stability theory in affine logic. On the one hand, we prove appropriate affine versions of many classical results, including definability of types, existence of non-forking extensions, and other…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-03-11 Itaï Ben Yaacov , Tomás Ibarlucía

We describe a framework for proving consistency results about singular cardinals of arbitrary cofinality and their successors. This framework allows the construction of models in which the Singular Cardinals Hypothesis fails at a singular…

NF set theory using intuitionistic logic is called iNF. We develop the theories of finite sets and their power sets and mappings, finite cardinals and their ordering, cardinal exponentiation, addition, and multiplication. We follow Rosser…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-10-31 Michael Beeson

We study nested conditions, a generalization of first-order logic to a categorical setting, and provide a tableau-based (semi-decision) procedure for checking (un)satisfiability and finite model generation. This generalizes earlier results…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Lara Stoltenow , Barbara König , Sven Schneider , Andrea Corradini , Leen Lambers , Fernando Orejas

The axiomatic foundations of Bentham and Rawls solutions are discussed within the broader domain of cardinal preferences. It is unveiled that both solution concepts share all four of the following axioms: Nonemptiness, Anonymity, Unanimity,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-10-10 Stéphane Gonzalez , Nikolaos Pnevmatikos

Disjoint $n$-amalgamation is a condition on a complete first-order theory specifying that certain locally consistent families of types are also globally consistent. In this paper, we show that if a countably categorical theory $T$ admits an…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-09-18 Alex Kruckman

Using the proof-program (Curry-Howard) correspondence, we give a new method to obtain models of ZF and relative consistency results in set theory. We show the relative consistency of ZF + DC + there exists a sequence of subsets of R the…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-07-01 Jean-Louis Krivine

We generalize several schedule matching theorems of Baiou-Balinski (Math. Oper. Res., 27 (2002), 485) and Alkan-Gale (J. Econ. Th. 112 (2003), 289) by applying a fixed point method of Fleiner (Math. Oper. Res., 28 (2003), 103). Thanks to a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2010-05-13 Vilmos Komornik , Zsolt Komornik , Christelle K. Viauroux

The consistency of a second-order version of a theorem of Morley on the number of countable models was proved in arXiv:2107.07636 with the aid of large cardinals. We here dispense with them.

Logic · Mathematics 2024-01-22 Franklin D. Tall , Jing Zhang

In this paper, we prove the consistency relations of rank $2$ cluster scattering diagrams of affine type by using the pentagon relation.

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2023-09-06 Kodai Matsushita

We explore a family of nested recurrence relations with arbitrary levels of nesting, which have an interpretation in terms of fixed points of morphisms over a countably infinite alphabet. Recurrences in this family are related to a number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-07-02 Marcel Celaya , Frank Ruskey