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We compare the flow-like correlations in high multiplicity proton-nucleus ($p+A$) and nucleus-nucleus ($A+A$) collisions. At fixed multiplicity, the correlations in these two colliding systems are strikingly similar, although the system…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-11-10 Gokce Basar , Derek Teaney

Initial geometrical distribution and fluctuation can affect the collective expansion in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. This effect may be more evident in small system (such as B + B) than in large one (Pb + Pb). This work presents the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-03-24 S. Zhang , Y. G. Ma , G. L. Ma , J. H. Chen , Q. Y. Shou , W. B. He , C. Zhong

The methods currently used to measure collective flow in nucleus--nucleus collisions assume that the only azimuthal correlations between particles are those arising from their correlation with the reaction plane. However, quantum HBT…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 Mai Dinh , Nicolas Borghini , Jean-Yves Ollitrault

Within a (3+1)D viscous hydrodynamic model we compute anisotropic flow in small system collisions as performed at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and measured by the STAR and PHENIX Collaborations. We emphasize the importance of the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-12-21 Sangwook Ryu , Bjoern Schenke , Chun Shen , Wenbin Zhao

The field of heavy ion physics is at a crossroads in understanding experimental signatures of collectivity in small collision systems, p + p and p(d/3He) + A, at RHIC and the LHC. A wealth of data obtained in the latter class of asymmetric…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-02-20 J. L. Nagle , J. Orjuela Koop

In this paper we propose to thoroughly investigate asymmetric nuclear collisions both in the fixed target mode at the laboratory energy below 5 GeV per nucleon and in the collider mode with a center of mass energy below 11 GeV per nucleon.…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-06-21 M. Bleicher , K. A. Bugaev , P. Rau , A. S. Sorin , J. Steinheimer , H. Stoecker

Correlation measurements imply that anisotropic flow in nuclear collisions includes a novel triangular component along with the more familiar elliptic-flow contribution. Triangular flow has been attributed to event-wise fluctuations in the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2013-05-30 Sean Gavin , George Moschelli

We report the measurements of correlations between event-by-event fluctuations of amplitudes of anisotropic flow harmonics in nucleus-nucleus collisions, obtained for the first time using a new analysis method based on multiparticle…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2016-11-29 ALICE Collaboration

In heavy-ion collisions, the quark-gluon plasma is expected to be produced, which is an almost perfect liquid that made up the Universe a few microseconds after the Big Bang. In these collisions, jets are also formed from hadronizing…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2018-02-07 Monika Varga-Kofarago

The problem of large-scale correlations of particles produced in high-energy collisions is discussed. Among them are, e.g., those correlations which lead to ring-like and elliptic flow shapes of individual high-multiplicity events in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 I. M. Dremin

Recent analyses of small collision systems, namely $p+p$ and $p+$Pb at the LHC and $p+$Au, $d+$Au and $^{3}$He+Au at RHIC, have revealed azimuthal momentum anisotropies commonly associated with collective flow in larger systems. Viscous…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-05-04 J. D. Orjuela Koop , R. Belmont , P. Yin , J. L. Nagle

We calculate elliptic and triangular flow parameters of thermal photons using an event-by-event hydrodynamic model with fluctuating initial conditions at 200A GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC and at 2.76A TeV Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC for…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-07-26 Rupa Chatterjee , Pingal Dasgupta , Dinesh K. Srivastava

We study the mass dependence for identified-particle average transverse momentum and harmonic flow coefficients in proton-lead (p-Pb) collisions, recently measured at the LHC. The collective mechanism in the p-Pb system predicts a specific…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2013-10-29 Piotr Bozek , Wojciech Broniowski , Giorgio Torrieri

We introduce a new observable to probe the collective nature of the radial expansion of the quark-gluon plasma. This observable, dubbed $v_{02}(p_T)$, represents the correlation of the spectrum with elliptic flow, in the same way as the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-07-22 Tribhuban Parida , Rupam Samanta , Jean-Yves Ollitrault

Several correlation analysis techniques are applied to p-p and Au-Au collisions at RHIC. Strong large-momentum-scale correlations are observed which can be related to local charge and momentum conservation during hadronization and to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-01-05 Thomas A. Trainor

We report on recent progress in understanding multiparticle correlations in small systems from the initial state. First, we consider a proof-of-principle parton model, which we use to demonstrate that many of the multiparticle correlations…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-02-20 Kevin Dusling , Mark Mace , Vladimir V. Skokov , Prithwish Tribedy , Raju Venugopalan

In this study, we use the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) to explore factorization and event-plane correlations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Our analyses incorporate both numerical simulations and publicly available data from…

A central challenge in understanding the origin of collective flow-like signatures in small collision systems calls for a reliable method to disentangle genuine collective flow from substantial background correlations, especially those…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-03-24 Shuang Guo , Jia-Lin Pei , Guo-Liang Ma , Adam Bzdak

In this work, a hydrodynamic study of the di-hadron azimuthal correlations for the Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV is carried out. The correlations are evaluated using the ZYAM method for the centrality windows as well as the transverse…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-01-17 Wagner M. Castilho , Wei-Liang Qian , Yogiro Hama , Takeshi Kodama

Recent measurements at the LHC involve the correlation of different azimuthal flow harmonics $v_n$. These new observables add constraints to theoretical models and probe aspects of the system that are independent of the traditional…

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