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Weak convergence of probability measures is one of the most important topics in the field probability and statistics. In this survey paper, we look at weak convergence of probability measures from the topological vector space point of view.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-12-24 Liang Hong

Maximum likelihood estimation in statistics leads to the problem of maximizing a product of powers of polynomials. We study the algebraic degree of the critical equations of this optimization problem. This degree is related to the number of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Fabrizio Catanese , Serkan Hosten , Amit Khetan , Bernd Sturmfels

We study the set of no-signalling empirical models on a measurement scenario, and show that the combinatorial structure of the no-signalling polytope is completely determined by the possibilistic information given by the support of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-03 Samson Abramsky , Rui Soares Barbosa , Kohei Kishida , Raymond Lal , Shane Mansfield

In this work, we consider the sample complexity required for testing the monotonicity of distributions over partial orders. A distribution $p$ over a poset is monotone if, for any pair of domain elements $x$ and $y$ such that $x \preceq y$,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Maryam Aliakbarpour , Themis Gouleakis , John Peebles , Ronitt Rubinfeld , Anak Yodpinyanee

In this paper we show that the closure of a random sample for a k-dimensional random vector is almost surely a deterministic set of all heavy points of the distribution. A heavy point is defined to be a point for which all its neighborhoods…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-08-31 Reza Hosseini

This paper considers the notion of possible events which are insignificant in probabilistic analysis (i.e. events that have zero probability). The paper discusses the method of modal logic based on "possible worlds" and discusses a…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2022-11-08 Ben O'Neill

Measuring the concentration of random variables is a fundamental concept in probability and statistics. Here, we explore a type of concentration measure for continuous random variables with bounded support and use it to provide a notion of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-06 S. Portnoy , N. Torrado , J. J. P. Veerman

We define a dynamic model of random networks, where new vertices are connected to old ones with a probability proportional to a sublinear function of their degree. We first give a strong limit law for the empirical degree distribution, and…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-07-31 Steffen Dereich , Peter Morters

The conventional definition of a topological metric over a space specifies properties that must be obeyed by any measure of "how separated" two points in that space are. Here it is shown how to extend that definition, and in particular the…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-10-15 David H. Wolpert

The probability of finding a prime multiplet, i.e., a sequence of primes $p$ and $p+a_i$, $i=1... m$, being all primes where $p$ is some prime less than the integer $n$ is naively $1/log(n)^{m+1}$. It is shown that, in reality, it is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Doron Gepner

We introduce a class of probability measures whose densities near infinity are mixtures of Pareto distributions. This class can be characterized by the Fourier transform which has a power series expansion including real powers, not only…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-12-04 Takahiro Hasebe

Finite frames can be viewed as mass points distributed in $N$-dimensional Euclidean space. As such they form a subclass of a larger and rich class of probability measures that we call probabilistic frames. We derive the basic properties of…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-09-04 Martin Ehler , Kasso A. Okoudjou

Urn models play an important role to express various basic ideas in probability theory. Here we extend this urn model with tubes. An urn contains coloured balls, which can be drawn with probabilities proportional to the numbers of balls of…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-08-07 Bart Jacobs

We calculate bounds for orthant probabilities for the equicorrelated multivariate normal distribution and use these bounds to show the following: for degree $k>4$, the probability that a $k$-homogeneous polynomial in $n$ variables attains a…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-04-10 Damián Pinasco , Ezequiel Smucler , Ignacio Zalduendo

A flat membrane with given shape is displayed; two points in the membrane are randomly selected; the probability that the separation between the points have a specified value is sought. A simple method to evaluate the probability density is…

Biological Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. F. F. Teixeira

Probability distributions can be read as simple expressions of information. Each continuous probability distribution describes how information changes with magnitude. Once one learns to read a probability distribution as a measurement scale…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2016-03-01 Steven A. Frank

Concept of entangled probability distribution of several random variables is introduced. These probability distributions describe multimode quantum states in probability representation of quantum mechanics. Example of entangled probability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-28 Vladimir N. Chernega , Olga V. Man'ko , Vladimir I. Man'ko

Quantum probabilities are defined for several important physical cases characterizing measurements with multimode quantum systems. These are the probabilities for operationally testable measurements, for operationally uncertain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-19 V. I. Yukalov , E. P. Yukalova , D. Sornette

Consider the problem of constructing an experimental design, optimal for estimating parameters of a given statistical model with respect to a chosen criterion. To address this problem, the literature usually provides a single solution.…

Computation · Statistics 2024-11-05 Radoslav Harman , Lenka Filová , Samuel Rosa

The entropy per coordinate in a log-concave random vector of any dimension with given density at the mode is shown to have a range of just 1. Uniform distributions on convex bodies are at the lower end of this range, the distribution with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Sergey Bobkov , Mokshay Madiman