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According to the separate universe conjecture, spherically symmetric sub-regions in an isotropic universe behave like mini-universes with their own cosmological parameters. This is an excellent approximation in both Newtonian and general…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-14 Gábor Rácz , László Dobos , Róbert Beck , István Szapudi , István Csabai

We discuss the two potentially important effects which should be taken into account in the analysis of the cosmological redshift-space distortion especially at high redshifts; the effect of inhomogeneities in the light propagation and the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yasushi Suto , Takahiko Matsubara

The recent analysis of low-redshift supernovae (SN) has increased the apparent tension between the value of $H_0$ estimated from low and high redshift observations such as the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. At the same time…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-15 Antonio Enea Romano

A major issue in contemporary cosmology is the persistent discrepancy, known as the Hubble tension, between the Hubble constant ($H_0$) estimates from local measurements and those inferred from early-Universe observations under the standard…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-29 Surajit Kalita , Akhil Uniyal , Tomasz Bulik , Yosuke Mizuno

Whilst the underlying assumption of the Friedman-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmological model is that matter is homogeneously distributed throughout the universe, gravitational influences over the life of the universe have resulted…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-15 Sonia Akter Ema , Md Rasel Hossen , Krzysztof Bolejko , Geraint F. Lewis

Galaxy counts and recent measurements of the luminosity density in the near-infrared (NIR) have indicated the possibility that the local universe may be under-dense on scales of several hundred megaparsecs. The presence of a large-scale…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-09-09 Ryan C. Keenan , Amy J. Barger , Lennox L. Cowie

We use updated Hubble parameter and baryon acoustic oscillation data, as well as other lower-redshift Type Ia supernova, Mg II reverberation-measured quasar, quasar angular size, H II starburst galaxy, and Amati-correlated gamma-ray burst…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-31 Shulei Cao , Bharat Ratra

We develop an effective mapping for low-redshift photon propagation that captures the leading path-dependent deviations from the standard FLRW redshift. Instead of relying on exact integrations of the Sachs optical equations, we introduce a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-02 Said Laaroua

The structure formation in the local Universe is considered within the weak-field modification of General Relativity involving the cosmological constant. This approach enables to describe the dynamics of groups and clusters of galaxies, to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-06 V. G. Gurzadyan

Motivated by the dawn of precision cosmology and the wealth of forthcoming high precision and volume galaxy surveys, in this paper we study the effects of inhomogeneities on light propagation in a flat \Lambda CDM background. To this end we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-19 Nikolai Meures , Marco Bruni

One of hot topics in the last years is a systematic discrepancy in the determination of Hubble parameter by various methods. Namely, the values derived "directly" from the distance scale based on Cepheids and supernovae--and referring to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-03 Yurii V. Dumin

What is the influence of cosmology (the expansion law and its acceleration, the cosmological constant...) on the dynamics and optics of a local system like the solar system, a galaxy, a cluster, a supercluster...? The answer requires the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Michel Mizony , Marc Lachieze-Rey

Measurements of cosmological parameters via the distance-redshift relation usually rely on models that assume a homogenous universe. It is commonly presumed that the large-scale structure evident in our Universe has a negligible impact on…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-28 Radoslaw Wojtak , Tamara M. Davis , Jophiel Wiis

We perform a new and accurate study of the dependence on cosmological parameters of structure formation with local cosmic strings. The crucial new ingredients are the inclusion of the effects of gravitational backreaction on the evolution…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 E. J. Copeland , Joao Magueijo , D. A. Steer

We compile an updated list of 38 measurements of the Hubble parameter $H(z)$ between redshifts $0.07 \leq z \leq 2.36$ and use them to place constraints on model parameters of constant and time-varying dark energy cosmological models, both…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-25 Omer Farooq , Foram Madiyar , Sara Crandall , Bharat Ratra

The effect of curvature on the results of fractal analyses of the galaxy distribution is investigated. We show that, if the universe satisfies the criteria of a wide class of parabolic homogeneous models, the observers measuring the fractal…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Marie-Noëlle Célérier , Reuben Thieberger

Yes. In a perturbed Friedmann model, the difference of the Hubble constants measured in two rest-frames is independent of the source peculiar velocity and depends only on the relative velocity of the observers, to lowest order in velocity.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-05 Carlos A. P. Bengaly , Julien Larena , Roy Maartens

In the current state of cosmology, where cosmological parameters are being measured to percent accuracy, it is essential to understand all sources of error to high precision. In this paper we present the results of a study of the local…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-26 Io Odderskov , Marco Baldi , Luca Amendola

We have carefully studied how local measurements of the Hubble constant, $H_0$, can be influenced by a variety of different parameters related to survey geometry, depth, and size, as well as observer position in space. Our study is based on…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-02-13 Io Odderskov , Steen Hannestad , Troels Haugbølle

We investigate the direct determination of expansion history using redshift distortions without plugging into detailed cosmological parameters. The observed spectra in redshift space include a mixture of information: fluctuations of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-02-27 Yong-Seon Song