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Recent observational campaigns have shown that multi-planet systems seem to be abundant in our Galaxy. Moreover, it seems that these systems might have distant companions, either planets, brown-dwarfs or other stellar objects. These…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-07 Paul Denham , Smadar Naoz , Bao-Minh Hoang , Alexander P. Stephan , Will M. Farr

We characterize the occurrence rate of planets, ranging in size from 0.5-16 R$_\oplus$, orbiting FGK stars with orbital periods from 0.5-500 days. Our analysis is based on results from the "DR25" catalog of planet candidates produced by…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Danley C. Hsu , Eric B. Ford , Darin Ragozzine , Keir Ashby

The statistics of extrasolar planetary systems indicate that the default mode of planet formation generates planets with orbital periods shorter than 100 days, and masses substantially exceeding that of the Earth. When viewed in this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Konstantin Batygin , Gregory Laughlin

A key component of characterizing multi-planet exosystems is testing the orbital stability based on the observed properties. Such characterization not only tests the validity of how observations are interpreted but can also place additional…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-09 Stephen R. Kane

We present the results of a survey aimed at discovering and studying transiting planets with orbital periods shorter than one day (ultra--short-period, or USP, planets), using data from the {\em Kepler} spacecraft. We computed Fourier…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Roberto Sanchis-Ojeda , Saul Rappaport , Joshua N. Winn , Michael C. Kotson , Alan M. Levine , Ileyk El Mellah

The large scale structure of the Solar System has been shaped by a transient dynamical instability that may have been triggered by the interaction of the giants planets with a massive primordial disk of icy debris. In this work, we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-18 Marvin Morgan , Darryl Seligman , Konstantin Batygin

Approximately half of the planets discovered by NASA's Kepler mission are in systems where just a single planet transits its host star, and the remaining planets are observed to be in multi-planet systems. Recent analyses have reported a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-07 Sanson T. S. Poon , Richard P. Nelson

We present Kepler exoplanet occurrence rates for planets between $0.5-16$ R$_\oplus$ and between $1-400$ days. To measure occurrence, we use a non-parametric method via a kernel density estimator and use bootstrap random sampling for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-02 Anne Dattilo , Natalie M. Batalha , Steve Bryson

S-type planets, which orbit one component of multiple-star systems, place strong constraints on the planet formation and evolution models. A notable case study is Kepler-444, a triple-star system whose primary is orbited by five planets…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-23 M. Stalport , E. C. Matthews , V. Bourrier , A. Leleu , J. -B. Delisle , S. Udry

The dynamical structure of the Solar System can be explained by a period of orbital instability experienced by the giant planets. While a late instability was originally proposed to explain the Late Heavy Bombardment, recent work favors an…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-25 Rafael Ribeiro de Sousa , Alessandro Morbidelli , Sean N. Raymond , Andre Izidoro , Rodney Gomes , Ernesto Vieira Neto

We show that interaction with a gas disk may produce young planetary systems with closely-spaced orbits, stabilized by mean-motion resonances between neighbors. On longer timescales, after the gas is gone, interaction with a remnant…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Edward W. Thommes , Geoffrey Bryden , Yanqin Wu , Frederic A. Rasio

During the late stage of planet formation when Mars-size cores appear, interactions among planetary cores can excite their orbital eccentricities, speed their merges and thus sculpture the final architecture of planet systems. This series…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-13 Huigen Liu , Ji-lin Zhou , S. Wang

We present a model for the in situ assembly of planetary systems around a 0.5~$M_{\odot}$ star, and compare the resulting statistics to the observed sample of cool Kepler planet candidates from Dressing & Charbonneau (2013). We are able to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Brad M. S. Hansen

Short-period super-Earths and mini-Neptunes encircle more than $\sim50\%$ of Sun-like stars and are relatively amenable to direct observational characterization. Despite this, environments in which these planets accrete are difficult to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-04 Max Goldberg , Konstantin Batygin

Recent radial-velocity surveys for GK clump giants have revealed that planets also exist around ~1.5-3 Msun stars. However, no planets have been found inside 0.6 AU around clump giants, in contrast to solar-type main-sequence stars, many of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-08-09 M. Kunitomo , M. Ikoma , B. Sato , Y. Katsuta , S. Ida

The Kepler mission has discovered thousands of exoplanets around various stars with different spectral types (M, K, G, and F) and thus different masses and effective temperatures. Previous studies have shown that the planet occurrence rate,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-01 Jia-Yi Yang , Ji-Wei Xie , Ji-Lin Zhou

Surveys have revealed many multi-planet systems containing super-Earths and Neptunes in orbits of a few days to a few months. There is debate whether in situ assembly or inward migration is the dominant mechanism of the formation of such…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-23 Sean M. Mills , Daniel C. Fabrycky , Cezary Migaszewski , Eric B. Ford , Erik Petigura , Howard Isaacson

Planet formation is generally described in terms of a system containing the host star and a protoplanetary disc, of which the internal properties (e.g. mass and metallicity) determine the properties of the resulting planetary system.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-22 Andrew J. Winter , J. M. Diederik Kruijssen , Steven N. Longmore , Mélanie Chevance

Observed high multiplicity planetary systems are often tightly packed. Numerical studies indicate that such systems are susceptible to dynamical instabilities. Dynamical instabilities in close-in tightly packed systems, similar to those…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-12 Tuhin Ghosh , Sourav Chatterjee , James C. Lombardi