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Estimating the fidelity of state preparation in multi-qubit systems is generally a time-consuming task. Nevertheless, this complexity can be reduced if the desired state can be characterized by certain symmetries measurable with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 R. D. Somma , J. Chiaverini , D. J. Berkeland

We propose a quantum-state-certification protocol for stabilizer states, motivated by application in in-situ testing of NISQ-era quantum computer systems: The number of qubits is bounded, and in terms of cost of running the protocol,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-21 Dirk Oliver Theis

Consider the task of verifying that a given quantum device, designed to produce a particular entangled state, does indeed produce that state. One natural approach would be to characterise the output state by quantum state tomography; or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-26 Sam Pallister , Noah Linden , Ashley Montanaro

Genuine 3-qubit entanglement comes in two different inconvertible types represented by the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and the W state. We describe a specific method based on local positive operator valued measures and classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 P. Walther , K. J. Resch , A. Zeilinger

Cluster states serve as the central physical resource for the measurement-based quantum computation. We here present a simple experimental demonstration of the scalable cluster-state-construction scheme proposed by Browne and Rudolph. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 An-Ning Zhang , Chao-Yang Lu , Xiao-Qi Zhou , Yu-Ao Chen , Zhi Zhao , Tao Yang , Jian-Wei Pan

Stabilizer states, which are also known as the Clifford states, have been commonly utilized in quantum information, quantum error correction, and quantum circuit simulation due to their simple mathematical structure. In this work, we apply…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-26 Jiace Sun , Lixue Cheng , Shi-Xin Zhang

There is an ongoing effort to quantify entanglement of quantum pure states for systems with more than two subsystems. We consider three approaches to this problem for three-qubit states: choosing a basis which puts the state into a standard…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Todd A. Brun , Oliver Cohen

Reconstructing the state of a complex quantum system represents a pivotal task for all quantum information applications, both for characterization purposes and for verification of quantum protocols. Recent technological developments have…

We propose a resource-efficient error-rejecting entangled-state analyzer for polarization-encoded multiphoton systems. Our analyzer is based on two single-photon quantum-nondemolition detectors, where each of them is implemented with a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-13 Tao Li , Adam Miranowicz , Keyu Xia , Franco Nori

As quantum technology advances and the size of quantum computers grow, it becomes increasingly important to understand the extent of quality in the devices. As large-scale entanglement is a quantum resource crucial for achieving quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-07 John F Kam , Haiyue Kang , Charles D Hill , Gary J Mooney , Lloyd C L Hollenberg

Entanglement is a key ingredient for quantum technologies and a fundamental signature of quantumness in a broad range of phenomena encompassing many-body physics, thermodynamics, cosmology, and life sciences. For arbitrary multiparticle…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-24 Marco Cianciaruso , Thomas R. Bromley , Gerardo Adesso

We propose a method of constructing the separability criteria for multipartite quantum states on the basis of entanglement witnesses. The entanglement witnesses are obtained by finding the maximal expectation values of Hermitian operators…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-02 Xiao-yu Chen , Li-zhen Jiang , Zhu-an Xu

We present a physical setup with which it is possible to produce arbitrary symmetric long-lived multiqubit entangled states in the internal ground levels of photon emitters, including the paradigmatic GHZ and W states. In the case of three…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 T. Bastin , C. Thiel , J. von Zanthier , L. Lamata , E. Solano , G. S. Agarwal

We classify multipartite entangled states in the 2 x 2 x n (n >= 4) quantum system, for example the 4-qubit system distributed over 3 parties, under local filtering operations. We show that there exist nine essentially different classes of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Akimasa Miyake , Frank Verstraete

Entanglement classification of pure multipartite quantum states is a challenging problem in quantum information theory that can be mathematically stated as orbit classification for some given group action on the ambient Hilbert space. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-06 Hamna Aslam , Frédéric Holweck

The multipartite Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state is a paradigmatic example of a highly entangled multipartite states with distinct quantum features. However, the GHZ state is very sensitive to generic decoherence processes, where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-06-01 Florian Fröwis , Wolfgang Dür

Recently, there are tremendous developments on the number of controllable qubits in several quantum computing systems. For these implementations, it is crucial to determine the entanglement structure of the prepared multipartite quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-10 You Zhou , Qi Zhao , Xiao Yuan , Xiongfeng Ma

Multipartite entanglement is a critical resource in quantum information processing that exhibits much richer phenomenon and stronger correlations than in bipartite systems. This advantage is also reflected in its multi-user applications.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-14 Hsin-Pin Lo , Takuya Ikuta , Koji Azuma , Toshimori Honjo , William J. Munro , Hiroki Takesue

Multipartite entanglement detection is crucial for the develop of quantum information science and quantum computation, communication, simulation and metrology tasks. In contrast to experiments, where several handreds of qubits have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-06 Xiao-yu Chen

A prerequisite to the successful development of quantum computers and simulators is precise understanding of physical processes occurring therein, which can be achieved by measuring the quantum states they produce. However, the resources…