Related papers: Statistical hypothesis testing by weak-value ampli…
It is frequently of interest to jointly analyze two paired sequences of multiple tests. This paper studies the problem of detecting whether there are more pairs of tests that are significant in both sequences than would be expected by…
Weak measurement has garnered widespread interest for its ability to amplify small physical effects at the cost of low detection probabilities. Previous entanglement and recycling techniques enhance postselection efficiency and…
Much of science is (rightly or wrongly) driven by hypothesis testing. Even in situations where the hypothesis testing paradigm is correct, the common practice of basing inferences solely on p-values has been under intense criticism for over…
In linear regression models with non-Gaussian errors, transformations of the response variable are widely used in a broad range of applications. Motivated by various genetic association studies, transformation methods for hypothesis testing…
Linear instrumental variable regressions are widely used to estimate causal effects. Many instruments arise from the use of ``technical'' instruments and more recently from the empirical strategy of ``judge design''. This paper surveys and…
We develop sensitivity analyses for weak nulls in matched observational studies while allowing unit-level treatment effects to vary. The methods may be applied to studies using any optimal without-replacement matching algorithm. In contrast…
In many real-world scenarios, obtaining large amounts of labeled data can be a daunting task. Weakly supervised learning techniques have gained significant attention in recent years as an alternative to traditional supervised learning, as…
When testing multiple hypothesis in a survey --e.g. many different source locations, template waveforms, and so on-- the final result consists in a set of confidence intervals, each one at a desired confidence level. But the probability…
We show the utility of the weak value amplification to observe the quantum interference between two close lying atomic coherent states in a post-selected atomic cat state, produced in a system of $N$ identical two-level atoms weakly…
Empirical economic studies often involve multiple propositions or hypotheses, with researchers aiming to assess both the collective and individual evidence against these propositions or hypotheses. To rigorously assess this evidence,…
We propose to use weak measurements away from the weak-value amplification regime to carry out precision measurements of time delays of light. Our scheme is robust to several sources of noise that are shown to only limit the relative…
Large vision-language models have revolutionized cross-modal object retrieval, but text-based person search (TBPS) remains a challenging task due to limited data and fine-grained nature of the task. Existing methods primarily focus on…
Multiple testing of a single hypothesis and testing multiple hypotheses are usually done in terms of p-values. In this paper we replace p-values with their natural competitor, e-values, which are closely related to betting, Bayes factors,…
We investigate the estimation of a small interaction parameter from the outcomes of weak quantum measurements implemented by the interaction. The relation of weak values and sensitivity is explained and the different contributions of…
Increasing accessibility of data to researchers makes it possible to conduct massive amounts of statistical testing. Rather than follow a carefully crafted set of scientific hypotheses with statistical analysis, researchers can now test…
A protocol employing weak values (WVs) to obtain ultra sensitive amplification of weak signals in the context of a solid state setup is proposed. We consider an Aharonov-Bohm interferometer where both the orbital and the spin degrees of…
Choice overload - in which larger choice sets are detrimental to a chooser's well-being - is potentially of great importance in the design of economic policy. Yet the current evidence on its prevalence is inconclusive. We argue that…
The likelihood function represents statistical evidence in the context of data and a probability model. Considerable theory has demonstrated that evidence strength for different parameter values can be interpreted from the ratio of…
It is generally believed that more observations provide more information. However, we observe that in the independence test for rare events, the power of the test is, surprisingly, determined by the number of rare events rather than the…
The technique of weak value amplification, proposed by Aharonov et al. in 1988, has been applied for various fields of physics for the purpose of precision measurement, which is made possible by exploiting the freedom of `postselection'…