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The rapid progress in the development of quantum devices is in large part due to the availability of a wide range of characterization techniques allowing to probe, test and adjust them. Nevertheless, these methods often make use of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-07 Pedro Figueroa-Romero , Kavan Modi , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

Pre-fault tolerant quantum computers have already demonstrated the ability to estimate observable values accurately, at a scale beyond brute-force classical computation. This has been enabled by error mitigation techniques that often rely…

Realistic multi-qubit noise processes often result in error mechanisms that are not captured by the probabilistic, Markovian error models commonly employed in circuit-level analyses of quantum fault-tolerance. By working within an…

In non-Markovian systems, the current state of the system depends on the full or partial history of its past evolution. Owing to these time correlations, non-Markovian noise violates common assumptions in gate characterization protocols…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-21 Srilekha Gandhari , Michael J. Gullans

A precise measurement of dephasing over a range of timescales is critical for improving quantum gates beyond the error correction threshold. We present a metrological tool, based on randomized benchmarking, capable of greatly increasing the…

Quantum computers have the potential to outperform classical computers in a range of computational tasks, such as prime factorisation and unstructured searching. However, real-world quantum computers are subject to noise. Quantifying noise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-01 Conrad Strydom , Mark Tame

We study non-equilibrium steady states and recurrence times in noisy, stroboscopically monitored qubit systems using complete measurements. In the noiseless limit, recurrence times are integer-quantized, with dips to lower integers when…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-20 Shuanger Ma , Sabine Tornow , Eli Barkai

Randomized benchmarking is a useful scheme for evaluation the average fidelity of a noisy quantum circuit. However, it is insensitive to the unitary error. Here, we propose a method of randomized benchmarking in which a unitary t-design is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-13 Linxi Zhang , Chuanghua Zhu , Changxing Pei

Electron spin qubits in silicon are a promising platform for fault-tolerant quantum computing. Low-frequency noise, including nuclear spin fluctuations and charge noise, is a primary factor limiting gate fidelities. Suppressing this noise…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-11-13 Ning Wang , Shao-Min Wang , Run-Ze Zhang , Jia-Min Kang , Wen-Long Lu , Hai-Ou Li , Gang Cao , Bao-Chuan Wang , Guo-Ping Guo

There has been tremendous progress in the physical realization of quantum computing hardware in recent times, bringing us closer than ever before to realizing the promise of quantum computing. However, noise continues to pose a crucial…

Accurate characterization of the noise influencing a quantum system of interest has far-reaching implications across quantum science, ranging from microscopic modeling of decoherence dynamics to noise-optimized quantum control. While the…

We describe a scalable stochastic method for the experimental measurement of generalized fidelities characterizing the accuracy of the implementation of a coherent quantum transformation. The method is based on the motion reversal of random…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Joseph Emerson , Robert Alicki , Karol Zyczkowski

Realistic quantum computing is subjected to noise. A most important frontier in research of quantum computing is to implement noise-resilient quantum control over qubits. Dynamical decoupling can protect coherence of qubits. Here we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-16 Gang-Qin Liu , Hoi Chun Po , Jiangfeng Du , Ren-Bao Liu , Xin-Yu Pan

Low-frequency noise presents a serious source of decoherence in solid-state qubits. When combined with a continuous weak measurement of the eigenstates, the low-frequency noise induces a second-order relaxation between the qubit states.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-26 L. Tian

Mitigating noise-induced decoherence is the central challenge in controlling open quantum systems. While existing robust protocols often require precise noise models, we introduce a universal framework for noise-agnostic quantum control…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Lixiang Ding , Jingtao Fan , Xingze Qiu

As quantum processors grow, new performance benchmarks are required to capture the full quality of the devices at scale. While quantum volume is an excellent benchmark, it focuses on the highest quality subset of the device and so is unable…

Noise-biased qubits are a promising route toward significantly reducing the hardware overhead associated with quantum error correction. The squeezed cat code, a non-local encoding in phase space based on squeezed coherent states, is an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-11 Timo Hillmann , Fernando Quijandría

Noise is the defining feature of the NISQ era, but it remains unclear if noisy quantum devices are capable of quantum speedups. Quantum supremacy experiments have been a major step forward, but gaps remain between the theory behind these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-08 Adam Bouland , Bill Fefferman , Zeph Landau , Yunchao Liu

Randomized benchmarking (RB) is an efficient and robust method to characterize gate errors in quantum circuits. Averaging over random sequences of gates leads to estimates of gate errors in terms of the average fidelity. These estimates are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-11 Jonas Helsen , Joel J. Wallman , Steven T. Flammia , Stephanie Wehner

We employ quantum-volume random-circuit sampling to benchmark the two-QPU entanglement-assisted distributed quantum computing (DQC) and compare it with single-QPU quantum computing. We first specify a single-qubit depolarizing noise model…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-12 Shao-Hua Hu , George Biswas , Jun-Yi Wu