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We consider the problem of estimating the principal components of a population correlation matrix from a limited number of measurement data. Using a combination of random matrix and information-theoretic tools, we show that all the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-01-20 Rémi Monasson , Dario Villamaina

In the asymptotic limit of a large diffusivity ratio, certain two-component reaction-diffusion (RD) systems can admit localized spike solutions on a 1-D finite domain in a far-from-equilibrium nonlinear regime. It is known that two distinct…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-11-04 Chunyi Gai , Edgardo Villar-Sepulveda , Alan Champneys , Michael J. Ward

We analyze the prediction error of principal component regression (PCR) and prove high probability bounds for the corresponding squared risk conditional on the design. Our first main result shows that PCR performs comparably to the oracle…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-03 Laura Hucker , Martin Wahl

We develop asymptotic theory for principal component analysis (PCA) of a high-dimensional factor model in which the working dimension $R$ is fixed and only required to satisfy $R \ge r$, where $r$ is the true number of factors. Building on…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Yuan Liao , Xin Tong , Wanjie Wang , Dacheng Xiu

In this paper, we develop new statistical theory for probabilistic principal component analysis models in high dimensions. The focus is the estimation of the noise variance, which is an important and unresolved issue when the number of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-06-23 Damien Passemier , Zhaoyuan Li , Jian-Feng Yao

In this paper, we study the convergent limits and rates of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors for spiked sample covariance matrices whose spectrum can have multiple bulk components. Our model is an extension of Johnstone's spiked covariance…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-01-01 Xiucai Ding

This paper investigates the properties of Quasi Maximum Likelihood estimation of an approximate factor model for an $n$-dimensional vector of stationary time series. We prove that the factor loadings estimated by Quasi Maximum Likelihood…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-06-28 Matteo Barigozzi

We study semiparametric factor models in high-dimensional panels where the factor loadings consist of a nonparametric component explained by observed covariates and an idiosyncratic component capturing unobserved heterogeneity. A key…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-09 Sijie Zheng

We proposed a general Principal Orthogonal complEment Thresholding (POET) framework for large-scale covariance matrix estimation based on an approximate factor model. A set of high level sufficient conditions for the procedure to achieve…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-07-31 Jianqing Fan , Han Liu , Weichen Wang

We investigate the asymptotic distributions of coordinates of regression M-estimates in the moderate $p/n$ regime, where the number of covariates $p$ grows proportionally with the sample size $n$. Under appropriate regularity conditions, we…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-12-20 Lihua Lei , Peter J. Bickel , Noureddine El Karoui

From the sampling of data to the initialisation of parameters, randomness is ubiquitous in modern Machine Learning practice. Understanding the statistical fluctuations engendered by the different sources of randomness in prediction is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-03 Bruno Loureiro , Cédric Gerbelot , Maria Refinetti , Gabriele Sicuro , Florent Krzakala

This paper establishes a precise high-dimensional asymptotic theory for boosting on separable data, taking statistical and computational perspectives. We consider a high-dimensional setting where the number of features (weak learners) $p$…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-21 Tengyuan Liang , Pragya Sur

We introduce Adaptive Subspace PCA (AS-PCA), a framework for principal component analysis of random elements in a general separable Hilbert space. AS-PCA projects the covariance operator onto a data-adaptive finite-dimensional subspace…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Xinyi Li , Margaret Hoch , Michael R. Kosorok

In this paper, we consider directly estimating the eigenvalues of precision matrix, without inverting the corresponding estimator for the eigenvalues of covariance matrix. We focus on a general asymptotic regime, i.e., the large dimensional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-22 Jie Zhou , Junhao Xie , Jiaqi Chen

Rotationally symmetric distributions on the p-dimensional unit hypersphere, extremely popular in directional statistics, involve a location parameter theta that indicates the direction of the symmetry axis. The most classical way of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-02-13 Christophe Ley , Davy Paindaveine , Thomas Verdebout

Principal component analysis (PCA) is fundamental to statistical machine learning. It extracts latent principal factors that contribute to the most variation of the data. When data are stored across multiple machines, however, communication…

Computation · Statistics 2018-01-11 Jianqing Fan , Dong Wang , Kaizheng Wang , Ziwei Zhu

This paper aims to test the number of spikes in a generalized spiked covariance matrix, the spiked eigenvalues of which may be extremely larger or smaller than the non-spiked ones. For a high-dimensional problem, we first propose a general…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-03-15 Dandan Jiang

This manuscript presents an approach to perform generalized linear regression with multiple high dimensional covariance matrices as the outcome. Model parameters are proposed to be estimated by maximizing a pseudo-likelihood. When the data…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-28 Yi Zhao , Brian S. Caffo , Xi Luo

It is well-known that the approximate factor models have the rotation indeterminacy. It has been considered that the principal component (PC) estimators estimate some rotations of the true factors and factor loadings, but the rotation…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-11-02 Peiyun Jiang , Yoshimasa Uematsu , Takashi Yamagata

Synchronized measurements of a large power grid enable an unprecedented opportunity to study the spatialtemporal correlations. Statistical analytics for those massive datasets start with high-dimensional data matrices. Uncertainty is…

Applications · Statistics 2018-02-13 Zenan Ling , Robert C. Qiu , Xing He , Lei Chu
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