Related papers: Single Digit Representations of Natural Numbers
Number systems with a rational number $a/b > 1$ as base have gained interest in recent years. In particular, relations to Mahler's 3/2-problem as well as the Josephus problem have been established. In the present paper we show that the…
We establish that every set of $k=10$ natural numbers determines at least $30$ distinct pairwise sums or at least $30$ distinct pairwise products, as well as the analogous result for $k=11$ and at least $34$ sums/products, with sharpness…
Erd\H{o}s conjectured that 1, 4, and 256 are the only powers of two whose ternary representations consist solely of 0s and 1s. Sloane conjectured that, except for $\{2^0,2^1,2^2,2^3,2^4,2^{15}\}$, every other power of two has at least one 0…
We prove that every odd number $N$ greater than 1 can be expressed as the sum of at most five primes, improving the result of Ramar\'e that every even natural number can be expressed as the sum of at most six primes. We follow the circle…
We show that for every finite colouring of the natural numbers there exists $a,b >1$ such that the triple $\{a,b,a^b\}$ is monochromatic. We go on to show the partition regularity of a much richer class of patterns involving exponentiation.…
Let $\Bbb Z$ and $\Bbb N$ be the set of integers and the set of positive integers, respectively. For $a,b,c,d,n\in\Bbb N$ let $N(a,b,c,d;n)$ be the number of representations of $n$ by $ax^2+by^2+cz^2+dw^2$, and let $t(a,b,c,d;n)$ be the…
We study partitions of totally positive integers in real quadratic fields. We develop an algorithm for computing the number of partitions, prove a result about the parity of the partition function, and characterize the quadratic fields such…
We provide an efficient encoding of the natural numbers {0,1,2,3,...} as strings of nested parentheses {(),(()),(()()),((())),...}, or considered inversely, an efficient enumeration of such strings. The technique is based on the recursive…
An algorithm for computing /pi(N) is presented.It is shown that using a symmetry of natural numbers we can easily compute /pi(N).This method relies on the fact that counting the number of odd composites not exceeding N suffices to calculate…
Among other results, we establish, in a quantitative form, that any sufficiently large integer cannot simultaneously be divisible only by very small primes and have very few digits in its Zeckendorf representation.
Simplification of fractional powers of positive rational numbers and of sums, products and powers of such numbers is taught in beginning algebra. Such numbers can often be expressed in many ways, as this article discusses in some detail.…
We present a unified constructive digit-by-digit framework for exact root extraction using only integer arithmetic. The core contribution is a complete correctness theory for the fractional square root algorithm, proving that each computed…
Algorithms for numerical computation of symmetric elliptic integrals of all three kinds are improved in several ways and extended to complex values of the variables (with some restrictions in the case of the integral of the third kind).…
Suppose $k$ is a positive integer. In this work, we establish formulas for for the number of representations of integers by the quadratic forms $$ x_{1}^{2}+\cdots+x_{k}^{2}+l\left(x_{k+1}^{2}+\cdots+x_{2k}^{2}\right) $$ for $l\in\{2,4\}$.
A representation number is a function which expresses the number of ways an integer can be written as a sum of elements of chosen sets. One of the oldest number-theoretic results on representation numbers is Fermat's theorem which says that…
An asymmetric covering D(n,R) is a collection of special subsets S of an n-set such that every subset T of the n-set is contained in at least one special S with |S| - |T| <= R. In this paper we compute the smallest size of any D(n,1) for n…
Natural numbers can be divided in two non-overlapping infinite sets, primes and composites, with composites factorizing into primes. Despite their apparent simplicity, the elucidation of the architecture of natural numbers with primes as…
In this report we present an off-the-number-line representation of the positive integers by expressing each integer by its unique prime signature as a grid point of an infinite dimensional space indexed by the prime numbers, which we term…
We work with the signed digit representation of abstract real numbers, which roughly is the binary representation enriched by the additional digit -1. The main objective of this paper is an algorithm which takes a sequence of signed digit…
We give a construction of a real number that is normal to all integer bases and continued fraction normal. The computation of the first n digits of its continued fraction expansion performs in the order of n^4 mathematical operations. The…