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We provide an overview of the state-of-the-art for mathematical methods that are used to reconstruct brain activity from neurophysiological data. After a brief introduction on the mathematics of the forward problem, we discuss standard and…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2017-05-09 Alberto Sorrentino , Michele Piana

Separation of the sources and analysis of their connectivity have been an important topic in EEG/MEG analysis. To solve this problem in an automatic manner, we propose a two-layer model, in which the sources are conditionally uncorrelated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-03-19 Kun Zhang , Aapo Hyvarinen

Simultaneous EEG-fMRI is a multi-modal neuroimaging technique that provides complementary spatial and temporal resolution for inferring a latent source space of neural activity. In this paper we address this inference problem within the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Xueqing Liu , Linbi Hong , Paul Sajda

EEG based brain state decoding has numerous applications. State of the art decoding is based on processing of the multivariate sensor space signal, however evidence is mounting that EEG source reconstruction can assist decoding. EEG source…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-04-20 Rasmus S. Andersen , Anders U. Eliasen , Nicolai Pedersen , Michael Riis Andersen , Sofie Therese Hansen , Lars Kai Hansen

In this paper, we explore the multiple source localisation problem in the cerebral cortex using magnetoencephalography (MEG) data. We model neural currents as point-wise dipolar sources which dynamically evolve over time, then model dipole…

Applications · Statistics 2015-06-18 Xi Chen , Simo Särkkä , Simon Godsill

Localizing the sources of electrical activity in the brain from Electroencephalographic (EEG) data is an important tool for non-invasive study of brain dynamics. Generally, the source localization process involves a high-dimensional inverse…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2014-06-11 S. Saha , Ya. I. Nesterets , Rajib Rana , M. Tahtali , Frank de Hoog , T. E. Gureyev

Simultaneous EEG-fMRI is a multi-modal neuroimaging technique that provides complementary spatial and temporal resolution. Challenging has been developing principled and interpretable approaches for fusing the modalities, specifically…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-12-06 Xueqing Liu , Tao Tu , Paul Sajda

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalogra-phy (EEG) are non-invasive modalities that measure the weak electromagnetic fields generated by neural activity. Inferring the location of the current sources that generated these…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-14 Hicham Janati , Thomas Bazeille , Bertrand Thirion , Marco Cuturi , Alexandre Gramfort

We study the distribution of brain source from the most advanced brain imaging technique, Magnetoencephalography (MEG), which measures the magnetic fields outside the human head produced by the electrical activity inside the brain. Common…

Applications · Statistics 2019-08-13 Zhigang Yao , Zengyan Fan , Masahito Hayashi , William F. Eddy

The EEG source localization is an ill-posed problem. It involves estimation of the sources which outnumbers the number of measurements. For a given measurement at given time all sources are not active which makes the problem as sparse…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-02 Teja Mannepalli , Aurobinda Routray

In electroencephalography (EEG) source imaging, the inverse source estimates are depth biased in such a way that their maxima are often close to the sensors. This depth bias can be quantified by inspecting the statistics (mean and…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-07-04 Alexandra Koulouri , Ville Rimpiläinen , Mike Brookes , Jari P Kaipio

In magnetoencephalography (MEG) the conventional approach to source reconstruction is to solve the underdetermined inverse problem independently over time and space. Here we present how the conventional approach can be extended by…

Electroencephalograms (EEG) are invaluable for treating neurological disorders, however, mapping EEG electrode readings to brain activity requires solving a challenging inverse problem. Due to the time series data, the use of $\ell_1$…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-28 Jack Michael Solomon , Rosemary Renaut , Matthias Chung

High temporal resolution measurements of human brain activity can be performed by recording the electric potentials on the scalp surface (electroencephalography, EEG), or by recording the magnetic fields near the surface of the head…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-01-22 Kevin H. Knuth

The electroencephalography (EEG) source imaging problem is very sensitive to the electrical modelling of the skull of the patient under examination. Unfortunately, the currently available EEG devices and their embedded software do not take…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Alexandra Koulouri , Ville Rimpilainen

We propose an approach and the numerical algorithm for pre-processing of the electroencephalography (EEG) data, enabling to generate an accurate mapping of the potential from the measurement area - scalp - to the brain surface. The…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-07-03 Nikolay Koshev , Nikolay Yavich , Mikhail Malovichko , Ekaterina Skidchenko , Maxim Fedorov

This paper is concerned with variational and Bayesian approaches to neuro-electromagnetic inverse problems (EEG and MEG). The strong indeterminacy of these problems is tackled by introducing sparsity inducing regularization/priors in a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-28 Samy Mokhtari , Jean-Michel Badier , Christian G. Bénar , Bruno Torrésani

Magnetoencephalography and electroencephalography (M/EEG) are non-invasive modalities that measure the weak electromagnetic fields generated by neural activity. Estimating the location and magnitude of the current sources that generated…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-16 Hicham Janati , Thomas Bazeille , Bertrand Thirion , Marco Cuturi , Alexandre Gramfort

Background: Magneto- and Electro-encephalography record the electromagnetic field generated by neural currents with high temporal frequency and good spatial resolution, and are therefore well suited for source localization in the time and…

Purpose: Localizing the sources of electrical activity from electroencephalographic (EEG) data has gained considerable attention over the last few years. In this paper, we propose an innovative source localization method for EEG, based on…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2015-01-21 Sajib Saha , Frank de Hoog , Ya. I. Nesterets , Rajib Rana , M. Tahtali , T. E. Gureyev