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Long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been often considered as the natural evolution of some core-collapse supernovae (SNe). While GRBs with relativistic jets emit an electromagnetic signal, GRBs with mildly relativistic jets are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-03-23 Irene Tamborra , Shin'ichiro Ando

Observations of four WR galaxies (NGC 5430, NGC 6764, Mrk 309 and VII Zw 19) using the Infrared Space Observatory are presented here. ISOCAM maps of NGC 5430, Mrk 309 and NGC 6764 revealed the location of star formation regions in each of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 B. O'Halloran , B. McBreen , L. Metcalfe , M. Delaney , D. Coia

Starburst galaxies are huge reservoirs of cosmic rays (CRs) and these CRs convert a significant fraction of their energy into gamma-rays by colliding with the interstellar medium (ISM). The produced GeV gamma-ray emission is temporally…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-11-06 Fang-Kun Peng , Hai-Ming Zhang , Xiang-Yu Wang , Jun-Feng Wang , Qi-Jun Zhi

Short Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are explosions of cosmic origin believed to be associated with the merger of two compact objects, either two neutron stars, or a neutron star and a black hole. The presence of at least one neutron star has long…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-04-27 Rosalba Perna , Davide Lazzati , Bruno Giacomazzo

The suggested association between the sources of gamma-ray bursts (GRB's) and the sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR's) is based on two arguments: (i) The average energy generation rate of UHECR's is similar to the gamma-ray…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-15 E. Waxman

Recent evidence appears to link gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) to star-forming regions in galaxies at cosmological distances. If short-lived massive stars are the progenitors of GRBs, the rate of events per unit cosmological volume should be an…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Cristiano Porciani , Piero Madau

If dark matter is unstable and the mass is within GeV-TeV regime, its decays produce high-energy photons that give contribution to the extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGRB). We constrain dark matter decay by analyzing the 50-month EGRB…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Shin'ichiro Ando , Koji Ishiwata

Both theoretical models and observations of collapsar created gamma-ray bursts -- typically long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) -- suggest that these transients cannot occur at high metallicity, likely due to angular momentum losses via…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-26 Paul Disberg , Anne Lankreijer , Martyna Chruślińska , Andrew J. Levan , Gijs Nelemans , Nial R. Tanvir , Charlotte R. Angus , Ilya Mandel

The dissipation mechanism that powers gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) remains uncertain almost half a century after their discovery. The two main competing mechanisms are the extensively studied internal shocks and the less studied magnetic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-06-07 Jonathan Granot

Dense populations of stars surround the nuclear regions of galaxies. In this work, we study the interaction of a WR star with relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei. A bow-shaped double-shock structure will form as a consequence of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-11 Anabella T. Araudo , Valenti Bosch-Ramon , Gustavo E. Romero

A model is proposed for the origin of cosmic rays (CRs) from ~10^14 eV to the highest energies, >10^20 eV. Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are assumed to inject CR protons and ions into the interstellar medium of star-forming galaxies--including…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Stuart D. Wick , Charles D. Dermer , Armen Atoyan

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are believed to be powered by the electromagnetic extraction of spin energy from a black hole endowed with a magnetic field supported by electric currents in a surrounding disk (Blandford & Znajek 1977). A generic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-12-16 Antonios Nathanail , Achillies Strantzalis , Ioannis Contopoulos

$\gamma$-ray bursts (GRBs) are short-lived transients releasing a large amount of energy ($10^{51}-10^{53} $ erg) in the keV-MeV energy range. GRBs are thought to originate from internal dissipation of the energy carried by…

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), associated with the collapse of massive stars or the collisions of compact objects, are the most luminous events in our universe. However, there is still much to learn about the nature of the relativistic jets…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-08-10 Celia R. Tandon , Nicole M. Lloyd-Ronning

Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) and galaxies at high redshift represent complementary probes of the star formation history of the Universe. In fact, both the GRB rate and the galaxy luminosity density are connected to the underlying star formation.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 M. Trenti , R. Perna , S. Tacchella

Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) have been proposed as one {\it possible} class of sources of the Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR) events observed up to energies $\gsim10^{20}\ev$. The synchrotron radiation of the highest energy protons…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Pijushpani Bhattacharjee , Nayantara Gupta

The distribution of dark matter in the inner regions of galaxies poses a key challenge for small-scale {\Lambda}CDM cosmology. While cold dark matter simulations predict cuspy inner density profiles, observations of low surface brightness…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-09 Sougata Sarkar , Prerana Biswas , Veselina Kalinova , Nirupam Roy , Narendra Nath Patra , Sushma Kurapati

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are among the most energetic events in the universe, offering insights into stellar collapse, extreme matter behavior, and cosmic evolution. The advent of multi-messenger astronomy, combining electromagnetic,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-13 Nicolas De Angelis

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are rare but powerful explosions displaying highly relativistic jets. It has been suggested that a significant fraction of the much more frequent core-collapse supernovae are accompanied by comparably energetic but…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Shin'ichiro Ando , John F. Beacom