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Accretion of debris seems to be the natural mechanism to power the radiation emitted during a tidal disruption event (TDE), in which a supermassive black hole tears apart a star. However, this requires the prompt formation of a compact…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-23 Taeho Ryu , Julian Krolik , Tsvi Piran , Scott Noble , Mark Avara

When a star passes through the tidal disruption radius of a massive black hole (BH), it can be torn apart by the tidal force of the BH, known as the Tidal Disruption Event (TDE). Since the observed UV/optical luminosity significantly…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-17 Hengxiao Guo , Jingbo Sun , Shuang-Liang Li , Yan-Fei Jiang , Tinggui Wang , Defu Bu , Ning Jiang , Yanan Wang , Yuhan Yao , Rongfeng Shen , Minfeng Gu , Mouyuan Sun

Tidal disruption events\,(TDEs) provide a valuable probe in studying the dynamics of stars in the nuclear environments of galaxies. Recent observations show that TDEs are strongly overrepresented in post-starburst or "green valley"…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-01 Mengye Wang , Yiqiu Ma , Qingwen Wu , Ning Jiang

When a star is torn apart by the tidal forces of a supermassive black hole (a so-called TDE) a transient accretion episode is initiated and a hot, often X-ray bright, accretion disk is formed. Like any accretion flow this disk is turbulent,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-12 Andrew Mummery

Wind is a key mechanism for supermassive black hole (SMBH) feedback to their host galaxies. In tidal disruption events (TDEs), black holes spend most of their time accreting at highly sub-Eddington rates, implying that feedback from…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-12 Mingjun Liu , De-Fu Bu , Xiao-Hong Yang , Jiaqi Li , Huaqing Cheng , Qinyu Wu , Wenjie Zhang , B. F. Liu

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) are unique probes of evolving accretion in supermassive black holes. Recent models of TDE disks show that they undergo brief thermal instabilities with temporal super-Eddington accretion at late times, which…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-18 Daichi Tsuna , V. Ashley Villar , Anthony L. Piro , Samantha C. Wu

We present a multi-wavelength analysis of 14 tidal disruption events (TDEs)-including an off-nuclear event associated with an ultra-compact dwarf galaxy-selected for having available thermal X-ray spectra during their late-time UV/optical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-03 M. Guolo , A. Mummery , S. van Velzen , S. Gezari , M. Nicholl , Y. Yao , M. Karmen , Y. Ajay , T. Wevers , N. LeBaron , R. Chornock

Tidal disruption events occur when stars are ripped apart by massive black holes, and result in highly luminous, multi-wavelength flares. Optical/UV observations of tidal disruption events (TDEs) contradict simple models of TDE emission,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-12-27 Elad Steinberg , Nicholas C. Stone

We present a time-dependent, one-dimensional, magnetically-driven disk wind model based on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations, in the context of tidal disruption events (TDEs). We assume that the disk is geometrically thin and gas-pressure…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-11-04 Mageshwaran Tamilan , Kimitake Hayasaki , Takeru K. Suzuki

A tidal disruption event (TDE) takes place when a star passes near enough to a massive black hole to be disrupted. About half the star's matter is given elliptical trajectories with large apocenter distances, the other half is unbound. To…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-04-08 Tsvi Piran , Gilad Svirski , Julian Krolik , Roseanne M. Cheng , Hotaka Shiokawa

The evolution of an accretion disk, formed as a consequence of the disruption of a star by a black hole, is followed by solving numerically the hydrodynamic equations. The present investigation aims to study the dependence of resulting…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-28 Matias Montesinos , José A. de Freitas Pacheco

The cooling envelope model for tidal disruption events (TDE) postulates that while the stellar debris streams rapidly dissipate their bulk kinetic energy (``circularize"), this does not necessarily imply rapid feeding of the supermassive…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-22 Nikhil Sarin , Brian D. Metzger

One of the puzzles associated with tidal disruption event candidates (TDEs) is that there is a dichotomy between the color temperatures of ${\rm few}\times 10^4$~K for TDEs discovered with optical and UV telescopes, and the color…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-10-28 Lixin Dai , Jonathan C. McKinney , M. Coleman Miller

Tidal disruptions of stars by stellar-mass black holes are expected to occur frequently in dense star clusters. Building upon previous studies that performed hydrodynamic simulations of these encounters, we explore the formation and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-09 Kyle Kremer , Brenna Mockler , Anthony L. Piro , James C. Lombardi

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) taking place in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are different from ordinary TDEs. In these events, the returning tidal debris stream drills through the pre-existing AGN accretion disk near the stream pericenter,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-01-10 Chi-Ho Chan , Tsvi Piran , Julian H. Krolik

We construct a time-dependent relativistic accretion model for tidal disruption events (TDEs) with an $\alpha-$viscosity and the pressure dominated by gas pressure. We also include the mass fallback rate $\dot{M}_f$ for both full and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-06-17 T. Mageshwaran , Sudip Bhattacharyya

A tidal disruption event (TDE) occurs when a star passes within the tidal radius of a supermassive black hole (SMBH). In TDEs it is expected that the orbital angular momentum of the disrupted star is generally misaligned with the SMBH spin…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-29 Jin-Hong Chen , Lixin Dai , Kan Cheuk Kwan , Tom Man Kwan , Zijian Zhang

Accretion disks in close binary systems are subject to a tidally driven parametric instability which leads to the growth of internal waves near the outer edges of such disks (Goodman 1993). These waves are important in understanding the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Ethan T. Vishniac , Changsong Zhang

The tidal disruption of a star by a supermassive black hole, and the subsequent accretion of the disrupted debris by that black hole, offers a direct means to study the inner regions of otherwise-quiescent galaxies. These tidal disruption…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-10-01 Eric R. Coughlin , C. J. Nixon

A growing fraction of tidal disruption events (TDEs) exhibit radio emission that rises only years after the optical or infrared flare, indicating delayed outflow activity. In some events the outflow is inferred to be slow ($\sim 0.02 \, c$)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-29 Itai Linial , Brian D. Metzger , Andrei M. Beloborodov