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The criterion for aggregation error (CAGE) is an important metric that aims to measure errors that arise in multiscale (or multi-resolution) spatial data, referred to as the modifiable areal unit problem and the ecological fallacy.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-12 Ranadeep Daw , Jonathan R. Bradley , Christopher K. Wikle , Scott H. Holan

In spatial regression models, spatial heterogeneity may be considered with either continuous or discrete specifications. The latter is related to delineation of spatially connected regions with homogeneous relationships between variables…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-17 Hao Guo , Andre Python , Yu Liu

Regionalization is the task of dividing up a landscape into homogeneous patches with similar properties. Although this task has a wide range of applications, it has two notable challenges. First, it is assumed that the resulting regions are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Shuai Yuan , Pang-Ning Tan , Kendra Spence Cheruvelil , Sarah M. Collins , Patricia A. Soranno

MAUP (modifiable areal unit problem) is a fundamental problem for spatial data management and analysis. As an instantiation of MAUP in online transportation platforms, region generation (i.e., specifying the areal unit for service…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Liyue Chen , Jiangyi Fang , Zhe Yu , Yongxin Tong , Shaosheng Cao , Leye Wang

Regionalization, spatially contiguous clustering, provides a means to reduce the effect of noise in sampled data and identify homogeneous areas for policy development among many other applications. Existing regionalization methods require…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-10-11 Alec Kirkley

Regionalization aims to partition a spatial domain into contiguous regions that share similar characteristics, enabling more effective spatial analysis, policy making, and resource management. Existing approaches for spatial regionalization…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-07 Jiayu Weng , Alec Kirkley

The impact of an extreme climate event depends strongly on its geographical scale. Max-stable processes can be used for the statistical investigation of climate extremes and their spatial dependencies on a continuous area. Most existing…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-14 Justus Contzen , Thorsten Dickhaus , Gerrit Lohmann

Accumulated Local Effects (ALE) is a widely-used explainability method for isolating the average effect of a feature on the output, because it handles cases with correlated features well. However, it has two limitations. First, it does not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Vasilis Gkolemis , Theodore Dalamagas , Eirini Ntoutsi , Christos Diou

The objective of this study is to investigate spatial structures of error in the assessment of continuous raster data. The use of conventional diagnostics of error often overlooks the possible spatial variation in error because such…

Applications · Statistics 2025-10-15 Narumasa Tsutsumida , Pedro Rodríguez-Veiga , Paul Harris , Heiko Balzter , Alexis Comber

Cooperative geolocation has attracted significant research interests in recent years. A large number of localization algorithms rely on the availability of statistical knowledge of measurement errors, which is often difficult to obtain in…

Applications · Statistics 2017-01-05 Xiufang Shi , Guoqiang Mao , Brian. D. O. Anderson , Zaiyue Yang , Jiming Chen

Spatial confounding is a persistent challenge in spatial statistics, influencing the validity of statistical inference in models that analyze spatially-structured data. The concept has been interpreted in various ways but is broadly defined…

This paper proposes Meta-SAGE, a novel approach for improving the scalability of deep reinforcement learning models for combinatorial optimization (CO) tasks. Our method adapts pre-trained models to larger-scale problems in test time by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Jiwoo Son , Minsu Kim , Hyeonah Kim , Jinkyoo Park

Tackling the difficult problem of estimating spatially distributed hydrological parameters, especially for floods on ungauged watercourses, this contribution presents a novel seamless regionalization technique for learning complex regional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Ngo Nghi Truyen Huynh , Pierre-André Garambois , François Colleoni , Benjamin Renard , Hélène Roux

Due to spatial dependence -- often characterized as complex and non-linear -- model misspecification is a prevalent and critical issue in spatial data analysis and prediction. As the data, and thus model performance, is heterogeneous,…

Soils have been heralded as a hidden resource that can be leveraged to mitigate and address some of the major global environmental challenges. Specifically, the organic carbon stored in soils, called Soil Organic Carbon (SOC), can, through…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-05 Marco H. Benedetti , Veronica J. Berrocal , Naveen N. Narisetty

Conditional autoregressive (CAR) models are commonly used to capture spatial correlation in areal unit data, and are typically specified as a prior distribution for a set of random effects, as part of a hierarchical Bayesian model. The…

Applications · Statistics 2012-05-17 Duncan Lee , Richard Mitchell

IIn recent years, there has been a growing interest in applying data assimilation (DA) methods, originally designed for state estimation, to the model selection problem. In this setting, Carrassi et al. (2017) introduced the contextual…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-10 Sammy Metref , Alexis Hannart , Juan Ruiz , Marc Bocquet , Alberto Carrassi , Michael Ghil

This work develops a multivariate extension of the Fixed Rank Kriging (FRK) framework for spatial prediction in settings where multiple spatial processes may provide complementary information. The goal is to preserve the computational…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-24 Gaia Caringi , Piercesare Secchi

Regionalization is the act of breaking a dataset into contiguous homogeneous regions that are heterogeneous from each other. Many different algorithms exist for performing regionalization; however, using these algorithms on large real world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Barrett Lattimer , Alan Lattimer

In this paper, we introduce a new, local formulation of the ensemble Kalman Filter approach for atmospheric data assimilation. Our scheme is based on the hypothesis that, when the Earth's surface is divided up into local regions of moderate…

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