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Planetary ephemerides are a very powerful tool to constrain deviations from the theory of General Relativity using orbital dynamics. The effective field theory framework called the Standard-Model Extension (SME) has been developed in order…

The possibility of measuring the post-Newtonian gravitoelectric correction to the orbital period of a test particle freely orbiting a spherically symmetric mass in the Solar System is analyzed. It should be possible, in principle, to detect…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-07-31 Lorenzo Iorio

Astrometric detection involves a precise measurement of stellar positions, and is widely regarded as the leading concept presently ready to find earth-mass planets in temperate orbits around nearby sun-like stars. The TOLIMAN space…

In this article, we describe a very simple technique to locate naked-eye planets in the sky, to an accuracy of $\sim 1^{\circ}$. The procedure, comprising just three steps, involves very simple manual calculations for planetary orbits…

Popular Physics · Physics 2018-10-24 Ashok K. Singal

Astronomical polarimetry is a powerful technique that can provide physical information sometimes difficult or impossible to obtain by any other type of observation. Almost every class of binary star can benefit from polarimetric…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 N. Manset

A scalar theory of gravitation with a preferred reference frame (PRF) is considered, that accounts for special relativity and reduces to it if the gravitational field cancels. The gravitating system consists of a finite number of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mayeul Arminjon

The new approach of the regular spacing of planetary orbits and planet mass distribution in the Solar system is considered. The relative planetary distances will be represented as the inverse composite probabilities of two discrete…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 V. M. Bakulev

More than 10% of extra-solar planets (EPs) orbit in a binary or multiple stellar system. We investigated the motion of planets revolving in binary systems in the frame of the particular case of the three body problem. We carried out an…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 E. Plávalová , N. A. Solovaya

We provide a scheme to correct asteroid astrometric observations for star catalog systematic errors due to inaccurate star positions and proper motions. As reference we select the most accurate stars in the PPMXL catalog, i.e., those based…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 D. Farnocchia , S. R. Chesley , A. B. Chamberlin , D. J. Tholen

While Kepler was still working in Graz during 1598, some letters to his mentor Michael Maestlin demonstrate his interest in astronomical clocks and machines. The first letter, dated January 6, 1598 contains a detailed description of a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 Deniele L. R. Marini

We investigate exact nonlinear waves on surfaces locally approximating the rotating sphere for two-dimensional inviscid incompressible flow. Our first system corresponds to a beta-plane approximation at the equator and the second to a gamma…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-11-20 Nick Pizzo , Rick Salmon

One major objective of MESSENGER and BepiColombo spatial missions is to accurately measure Mercury's rotation and its obliquity in order to obtain constraints on internal structure of the planet. Which is the obliquity's dynamical behavior…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-01-10 E. Bois , N. Rambaux

This is a historian's view of how modern astronomy data can be used to discuss the shifting historical worldview of Late Antiquity. In this article an attemp is made to construct an approximate model of how the cycles of astronomical…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2024-03-07 D. N. Starostin

Accurate modeling of gravitational interactions is fundamental to the analysis, prediction, and control of space systems. While the Newtonian point-mass approximation suffices for many preliminary studies, real celestial bodies exhibit…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-27 Felipe Arenas-Uribe

Armed with an astrolabe and Kepler's laws one can arrive at accurate estimates of the orbits of planets.

Popular Physics · Physics 2022-10-05 Michael Robinson

Symplectic integrators have made it possible to study the long-term evolution of planetary systems with direct N-body simulations. In this paper we reassess the accuracy of such simulations by running a convergence test on 20Myr…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-06 Hanno Rein , Garett Brown , Daniel Tamayo

General cosmological models with spinor and scalar fields playing the role of gravitational sources are analyzed. The Noether symmetry approach is taken as a criterion to constrain the undefined potentials and couplings of the generic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-10-15 Gilberto M. Kremer , Rudinei C. de Souza

It is customary to perform analysis of the Earth's rotation in two steps: first, to present results of estimation of the Earth orientation parameters in the form of time series based on a simplified model of variations of the Earth's…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-12-14 L. Petrov

The principle that celestial bodies must move on circular orbits or on paths resulting from the composition of circular orbits has been assumed as a constant guide in the astronomical thougth of the peoples facing the Mediterranean sea as…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dino Boccaletti

Solar plasma as a cause of radio signal delay has been playing an important role in solar and planetary science. Early experiments studying the distribution of electrons near the Sun from spacecraft ranging measurements were designed so…

Space Physics · Physics 2022-07-05 Dan Aksim , Dmitry Pavlov