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Many representation schemes combining first-order logic and probability have been proposed in recent years. Progress in unifying logical and probabilistic inference has been slower. Existing methods are mainly variants of lifted variable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-02-20 Vibhav Gogate , Pedro Domingos

This article introduces an iterative method for solving nonsingular non-Hermitian positive semidefinite systems of linear equations. To construct the iteration process, the coefficient matrix is split into two non-Hermitian positive…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-05 Davod Khojasteh Salkuyeh , Mohsen Masoudi

Let \alpha be a countable ordinal and \P(\alpha) the collection of its subsets isomorphic to \alpha. We show that the separative quotient of the set \P (\alpha) ordered by the inclusion is isomorphic to a forcing product of iterated reduced…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-09-26 Milos Kurilic

We study the spectrum of forcing notions between the iterations of $\sigma$-closed followed by ccc forcings and the proper forcings. This includes the hierarchy of $\alpha$-proper forcings for indecomposable countable ordinals as well as…

Logic · Mathematics 2011-02-14 David Aspero , Sy-David Friedman , Miguel Angel Mota , Marcin Sabok

Reverse Mathematics (RM hereafter) is a program in the foundations of mathematics where the aim is to identify the minimal axioms needed to prove a given theorem from ordinary, i.e. non-set theoretic, mathematics. This program has unveiled…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-09-30 Dag Normann , Sam Sanders

I prove preservation theorems for countable support iteration of proper forcing concerning certain classes of capacities and submeasures. New examples of forcing notions and connections with measure theory are included.

Logic · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jindrich Zapletal

We give solutions to two of the questions in a paper by Brendle, Brooke-Taylor, Ng and Nies. Our examples derive from a 2014 construction by Khan and Miller as well as new direct constructions using martingales. At the same time, we…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-12-19 Bjørn Kjos-Hanssen , Frank Stephan , Sebastiaan A. Terwijn

We study interpolant extraction from local first-order refutations. We present a new theoretical perspective on interpolation based on clearly separating the condition on logical strength of the formula from the requirement on the com- mon…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Bernhard Gleiss , Laura Kovacs , Martin Suda

The program Reverse Mathematics (RM for short) seeks to identify the axioms necessary to prove theorems of ordinary mathematics, usually working in the language of second-order arithmetic $L_{2}$. A major theme in RM is therefore the study…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-08-17 Sam Sanders

We study inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) and imitation learning (IM), the problems of recovering a reward or policy function from expert's demonstrated trajectories. We propose a new way to improve the learning process by adding a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-23 The Viet Bui , Tien Mai , Patrick Jaillet

In reverse mathematics, is is possible to have a curious situation where we know that an implication does not reverse, but appear to have no information on on how to weaken the assumption while preserving the conclusion. A main cause of…

Logic · Mathematics 2012-12-03 Henry Towsner

Our main models of computation (the Turing Machine and the RAM) make fundamental assumptions about which primitive operations are realizable. The consensus is that these include logical operations like conjunction, disjunction and negation,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-12-12 Jacques Carette , Roshan P. James , Amr Sabry

We use reverse mathematics to analyze "iterated jump" versions of the following four principles: the atomic model theorem with subenumerable types (AST), the diagonally noncomputable principle (DNR), weak weak K\H{o}nig's lemma (WWKL), and…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-09-18 Gavin Dooley

For relational monadic formulas (the L\"owenheim class) second-order quantifier elimination, which is closely related to computation of uniform interpolants, projection and forgetting - operations that currently receive much attention in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-12-20 Christoph Wernhard

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) is computationally challenging, with common approaches requiring the solution of multiple reinforcement learning (RL) sub-problems. This work motivates the use of potential-based reward shaping to reduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Lauren H. Cooke , Harvey Klyne , Edwin Zhang , Cassidy Laidlaw , Milind Tambe , Finale Doshi-Velez

Reverse Mathematics is a program in the foundations of mathematics which provides an elegant classification of theorems of ordinary mathematics based on computability. Our aim is to provide an alternative classification of theorems based on…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-02-25 Sam Sanders

We propose a new method for constructing Turing ideals satisfying principles of reverse mathematics below the Chain-Antichain Principle (CAC). Using this method, we are able to prove several new separations in the presence of Weak Konig's…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-10-05 Henry Towsner

We give an exposition of an iteration theorem for iterating $(<\lambda)$-closed stationary $\lambda^+$-cc forcing with supports of size $<\lambda$ and preserving these two properties. We discuss the relation of this theorem with other…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Mirna Džamonja

The use of a necessity modality in a typed $\lambda$-calculus can be used to separate it into two regions. These can be thought of as intensional vs. extensional data: data in the first region, the modal one, are available as code, and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-06-16 G. A. Kavvos

We extend the theoretical framework of proof mining by establishing general logical metatheorems that allow for the extraction of the computational content of theorems with prima facie "non-computational" proofs from probability theory,…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Morenikeji Neri , Nicholas Pischke