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Land surface temperature (LST) retrieval from remote sensing data is pivotal for analyzing climate processes and surface energy budgets. However, LST retrieval is an ill-posed inverse problem, which becomes particularly severe when only a…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Tian Xie , Menghui Jiang , Huanfeng Shen , Huifang Li , Chao Zeng , Jun Ma , Guanhao Zhang , Liangpei Zhang

We describe our solution for the PIRM Super-Resolution Challenge 2018 where we achieved the 2nd best perceptual quality for average RMSE<=16, 5th best for RMSE<=12.5, and 7th best for RMSE<=11.5. We modify a recently proposed Multi-Grid…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-01-31 Pablo Navarrete Michelini , Dan Zhu , Hanwen Liu

The gravimetry measurements from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and its follow-on (GRACE-FO) satellite mission provide an essential way to monitor changes in ocean bottom pressure ($p_b$), which is a critical variable…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-02-20 Junyang Gou , Lara Börger , Michael Schindelegger , Benedikt Soja

We apply a stochastic method of minimizing the ground state energy in variational calculations of light nuclei using the Refined Resonating Group Model (RRGM). The method utilizes a bit representation of the width parameters to be varied.…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Christian Winkler , Hartmut M. Hofmann

Land surface temperature (LST) is vital for land-atmosphere interactions and climate processes. Accurate LST retrieval remains challenging under heterogeneous land cover and extreme atmospheric conditions. Traditional split window (SW)…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-08 Tian Xie , Huanfeng Shen , Menghui Jiang , Juan-Carlos Jiménez-Muñoz , José A. Sobrino , Huifang Li , Chao Zeng

The cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature, $T$, surely the most precisely measured cosmological parameter, has been inferred from {\it local} measurements of the blackbody spectrum to an exquisite precision of 1 part in $\sim 4700$.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-04 Meir Shimon , Yoel Rephaeli

Component separation is the process of extracting one or more emission sources in astrophysical maps. It is therefore crucial to develop models that can accurately clean the cosmic microwave background (CMB) in current and future…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-17 J. M. Casas , L. Bonavera , J. González-Nuevo , G. Puglisi , C. Baccigalupi

The Atmospheric Chemistry Suite (ACS) onboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) monitors the Martian atmosphere through different spectral intervals in the infrared light. We present a retrieval algorithm tailored to the analysis of…

Fine-grained visual classification is a challenging task due to the high similarity between categories and distinct differences among data within one single category. To address the challenges, previous strategies have focused on localizing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Po-Yung Chou , Yu-Yung Kao , Cheng-Hung Lin

We present a design for a tunneling-current-assisted scanning near-field microwave microscope. For stable operation at cryogenic temperatures, making a small and rigid microwave probe is important. Our coaxial resonator probe has a length…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-06-13 Hideyuki Takahashi , yoshinori imai , Atsutaka Maeda

High-resolution climate projections are essential for local decision-making. However, available climate projections have low spatial resolution (e.g. 12.5 km), which limits their usability. We address this limitation by leveraging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Petr Košťál , Pavel Kordík , Ondřej Podsztavek

Detecting primordial B-mode polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) provides a direct probe of inflationary gravitational waves. However, the signal is extremely faint and contaminated by gravitational lensing, instrumental…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-30 Anumanchi Agastya Sai Ram Likhit , Rajib Saha

We have developed a new method, close in philosophy to the photometric redshift technique, which can be applied to spectral data of very low signal-to-noise ratio. Using it we intend to measure redshifts while minimising the dangers posed…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 M. Stefanon , A. Fernandez-Soto , D. Fugazza

Recent CMB observations have resulted in very precise observational data. A robust and reliable CMB reconstruction technique can lead to efficient estimation of the cosmological parameters. We demonstrate the performance of our methodology…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-31 Albin Joseph , Ujjal Purkayastha , Rajib Saha

In this article, we address the timely topic of cellular bistatic simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) with specific focus on end-to-end processing solutions, from raw I/Q samples, via channel parameter estimation to user equipment…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-21 Elizaveta Rastorgueva-Foi , Ossi Kaltiokallio , Yu Ge , Matias Turunen , Jukka Talvitie , Bo Tan , Musa Furkan Keskin , Henk Wymeersch , Mikko Valkama

Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBM) have attracted a lot of attention of late, as one the principle building blocks of deep networks. Training RBMs remains problematic however, because of the intractibility of their partition function. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2010-12-17 Guillaume Desjardins , Aaron Courville , Yoshua Bengio

Most single image super-resolution (SR) methods are developed on synthetic low-resolution (LR) and high-resolution (HR) image pairs, which are simulated by a predetermined degradation operation, e.g., bicubic downsampling. However, these…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-22 Rui Ma , Johnathan Czernik , Xian Du

I discuss the physics of polarization in models with early reionization. For sufficiently high optical depth to recombination the polarization is boosted on large scales while it is suppressed on smaller scales. New peaks appear in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 Matias Zaldarriaga

Remote sensing of soil moisture and vegetation water content from space often requires underdetermined inversion of a zeroth-order approximation of the forward radiative transfer equation in L-band---known as the $\tau$-$\omega$ model. This…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2018-08-29 Ardeshir Ebtehaj

For polycrystalline specimens of zeolites treated to thermal oxidation we have revealed and studied the weak spectra of reproducible magnetic microwave absorption fluctuations at a frequency of 9.4 GHz. The investigation was carried out by…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 V. F. Yudanov , O. N. Martyanov