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Complementary-label learning (CLL) is widely used in weakly supervised classification, but it faces a significant challenge in real-world datasets when confronted with class-imbalanced training samples. In such scenarios, the number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Meng Wei , Yong Zhou , Zhongnian Li , Xinzheng Xu

Vector Quantization (VQ) is a well-known technique in deep learning for extracting informative discrete latent representations. VQ-embedded models have shown impressive results in a range of applications including image and speech…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Tanmay Gautam , Reid Pryzant , Ziyi Yang , Chenguang Zhu , Somayeh Sojoudi

Sampling from diffusion models involves a slow iterative process that hinders their practical deployment, especially for interactive applications. To accelerate generation speed, recent approaches distill a multi-step diffusion model into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yilun Xu , Weili Nie , Arash Vahdat

Semi-implicit variational inference (SIVI) is a powerful framework for approximating complex posterior distributions, but training with the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence can be challenging due to high variance and bias in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Tobias Pielok , Bernd Bischl , David Rügamer

This work presents a progressive image vectorization technique that reconstructs the raster image as layer-wise vectors from semantic-aligned macro structures to finer details. Our approach introduces a new image simplification method…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Zhenyu Wang , Jianxi Huang , Zhida Sun , Yuanhao Gong , Daniel Cohen-Or , Min Lu

Several scalable sample-based methods to compute the Kullback Leibler (KL) divergence between two distributions have been proposed and applied in large-scale machine learning models. While they have been found to be unstable, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Sandesh Ghimire , Prashnna K Gyawali , Linwei Wang

Weakly-supervised learning approaches have gained significant attention due to their ability to reduce the effort required for human annotations in training neural networks. This paper investigates a framework for weakly-supervised object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Byeongkeun Kang , Sinhae Cha , Yeejin Lee

Vectorization is a technique that replaces a set-valued optimization problem with a vector optimization problem. In this work, by using an extension of Gerstewitz function [1], a vectorizing function is defined to replace a given set-valued…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-06-09 Emrah Karaman , İlknur Atasever Güvenç , Mustafa Soyertem , Didem Tozkan , Mahide Küçük , Yalçın Küçük

Visual pattern recognition over agricultural areas is an important application of aerial image processing. In this paper, we consider the multi-modality nature of agricultural aerial images and show that naively combining different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Siwei Yang , Shaozuo Yu , Bingchen Zhao , Yin Wang

Existing rotated object detectors are mostly inherited from the horizontal detection paradigm, as the latter has evolved into a well-developed area. However, these detectors are difficult to perform prominently in high-precision detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Xue Yang , Xiaojiang Yang , Jirui Yang , Qi Ming , Wentao Wang , Qi Tian , Junchi Yan

We address the problem of novelty detection in multiclass scenarios where some class labels are missing from the training set. Our method is based on the initial assignment of confidence values, which measure the affinity between a new test…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-05-17 Nomi Vinokurov , Daphna Weinshall

Neural network quantization aims to accelerate and trim full-precision neural network models by using low bit approximations. Methods adopting the quantization aware training (QAT) paradigm have recently seen a rapid growth, but are often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Ke Zhu , Yin-Yin He , Jianxin Wu

Classification is a major tool of statistics and machine learning. A classification method first processes a training set of objects with given classes (labels), with the goal of afterward assigning new objects to one of these classes. When…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-08 Jakob Raymaekers , Peter J. Rousseeuw , Mia Hubert

The motivation of this work is two-fold - a) to compare between two different modes of visualizing data that exists in a bag of vectors format b) to propose a theoretical model that supports a new mode of visualizing data. Visualizing high…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2013-10-15 Sriramkumar Balasubramanian , Raghuram Reddy Nagireddy

Kullback-Leiber divergence has been widely used in Knowledge Distillation (KD) to compress Large Language Models (LLMs). Contrary to prior assertions that reverse Kullback-Leibler (RKL) divergence is mode-seeking and thus preferable over…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Taiqiang Wu , Chaofan Tao , Jiahao Wang , Runming Yang , Zhe Zhao , Ngai Wong

Knowledge distillation(KD) is a common approach to improve model performance in automatic speech recognition (ASR), where a student model is trained to imitate the output behaviour of a teacher model. However, traditional KD methods suffer…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-02 Liyong Guo , Xiaoyu Yang , Quandong Wang , Yuxiang Kong , Zengwei Yao , Fan Cui , Fangjun Kuang , Wei Kang , Long Lin , Mingshuang Luo , Piotr Zelasko , Daniel Povey

In this study, we consider unsupervised clustering of categorical vectors that can be of different size using mixture. We use likelihood maximization to estimate the parameters of the underlying mixture model and a penalization technique to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-09-08 Esther Derman , Erwan Le Pennec

In this paper, we delve deeper into the Kullback-Leibler (KL) Divergence loss and mathematically prove that it is equivalent to the Decoupled Kullback-Leibler (DKL) Divergence loss that consists of (1) a weighted Mean Square Error (wMSE)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Jiequan Cui , Beier Zhu , Qingshan Xu , Zhuotao Tian , Xiaojuan Qi , Bei Yu , Hanwang Zhang , Richang Hong

We propose a method to measure real-valued time series irreversibility which combines two differ- ent tools: the horizontal visibility algorithm and the Kullback-Leibler divergence. This method maps a time series to a directed network…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-05-30 Lucas Lacasa , Ángel M. Núñez , Édgar Roldán , Juan M. R. Parrondo , Bartolo Luque

We investigate the use of alternative divergences to Kullback-Leibler (KL) in variational inference(VI), based on the Variational Dropout \cite{kingma2015}. Stochastic gradient variational Bayes (SGVB) \cite{aevb} is a general framework for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-15 Bogdan Mazoure , Riashat Islam