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Vector quantization is common in deep models, yet its hard assignments block gradients and hinder end-to-end training. We propose DiVeQ, which treats quantization as adding an error vector that mimics the quantization distortion, keeping…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Mohammad Hassan Vali , Tom Bäckström , Arno Solin

We present new methods for batch anomaly detection in multivariate time series. Our methods are based on maximizing the Kullback-Leibler divergence between the data distribution within and outside an interval of the time series. An…

Accumulation of corporate data in the cloud has attracted more enterprise applications to the cloud creating data gravity. As a consequence, network traffic has become more cloud centric. This increase in cloud centric traffic poses new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Mujahid Sultan

Optimization in the Bures-Wasserstein space has been gaining popularity in the machine learning community since it draws connections between variational inference and Wasserstein gradient flows. The variational inference objective function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Hoang Phuc Hau Luu , Hanlin Yu , Bernardo Williams , Marcelo Hartmann , Arto Klami

In multi-instance (MI) learning, each object (bag) consists of multiple feature vectors (instances), and is most commonly regarded as a set of points in a multidimensional space. A different viewpoint is that the instances are realisations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-16 Kajsa Møllersen , Jon Yngve Hardeberg , Fred Godtliebsen

This study tackles the efficient estimation of Kullback-Leibler (KL) Divergence in Dirichlet Mixture Models (DMM), crucial for clustering compositional data. Despite the significance of DMMs, obtaining an analytically tractable solution for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-20 Samyajoy Pal , Christian Heumann

Quantum computing has shown considerable promise for compute-intensive tasks in recent years. For instance, classification tasks based on quantum neural networks (QNN) have garnered significant interest from researchers and have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-25 Jindi Wu , Tianjie Hu , Qun Li

Vector quantization, which discretizes a continuous vector space into a finite set of representative vectors (a codebook), has been widely adopted in modern machine learning. Despite its effectiveness, vector quantization poses a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Takashi Morita

Variational Inference (VI) is a popular alternative to asymptotically exact sampling in Bayesian inference. Its main workhorse is optimization over a reverse Kullback-Leibler divergence (RKL), which typically underestimates the tail of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-07-01 Ghassen Jerfel , Serena Wang , Clara Fannjiang , Katherine A. Heller , Yian Ma , Michael I. Jordan

We propose a novel probabilistic approach to multilevel clustering problems based on composite transportation distance, which is a variant of transportation distance where the underlying metric is Kullback-Leibler divergence. Our method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Nhat Ho , Viet Huynh , Dinh Phung , Michael I. Jordan

Estimating the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence between two distributions given samples from them is well-studied in machine learning and information theory. Motivated by considerations of multi-group fairness, we seek KL divergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Parikshit Gopalan , Nina Narodytska , Omer Reingold , Vatsal Sharan , Udi Wieder

This paper deals with the taking into account a given set of realizations as constraints in the Kullback-Leibler minimum principle, which is used as a probabilistic learning algorithm. This permits the effective integration of data into…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-09 Christian Soize

The Kullback-Leibler divergence offers an information-theoretic basis for measuring the difference between two given distributions. Its quantum analog, however, fails to play a corresponding role for comparing two density matrices, if the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Sumiyoshi Abe

Modern data analysis often involves massive datasets with hundreds of thousands of observations, making traditional inference algorithms computationally prohibitive. Coresets are selection methods designed to choose a smaller subset of…

Computation · Statistics 2025-02-13 Bernardo Flores

Estimating Kullback Leibler (KL) divergence from samples of two distributions is essential in many machine learning problems. Variational methods using neural network discriminator have been proposed to achieve this task in a scalable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Sandesh Ghimire , Aria Masoomi , Jennifer Dy

Label propagation is an essential semi-supervised learning method based on graphs, which has a broad spectrum of applications in pattern recognition and data mining. This paper proposes a quantum semi-supervised classifier based on label…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-15 Yan-Yan Hou , Jian Li , Xiu-Bo Chen , Chong-Qiang Ye

Model merging enables efficient multi-task models by combining task-specific fine-tuned checkpoints. However, storing multiple task-specific checkpoints requires significant memory, limiting scalability and restricting model merging to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Youngeun Kim , Seunghwan Lee , Aecheon Jung , Bogon Ryu , Sungeun Hong

Road environment segmentation plays a significant role in autonomous driving. Numerous works based on Fully Convolutional Networks (FCNs) and Transformer architectures have been proposed to leverage local and global contextual learning for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Jiyong Kwag , Alper Yilmaz , Charles Toth

The maximum likelihood method is the best-known method for estimating the probabilities behind the data. However, the conventional method obtains the probability model closest to the empirical distribution, resulting in overfitting. Then…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-03 Akihisa Ichiki

Estimating Kullback-Leibler divergence from identical and independently distributed samples is an important problem in various domains. One simple and effective estimator is based on the k nearest neighbor distances between these samples.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-27 Puning Zhao , Lifeng Lai