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Paradoxically, while the assumptions of second-order stationarity and isotropy appear outdated in light of modern spatial data, they remain remarkably robust in practice, as nonstationary methods often provide marginal improvements in…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-07 Federico Blasi , Reinhard Furrer

This paper proposes an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system covert waveform design method for complex clutter environments, with the core objective of maximizing the signal-to-clutter-plus-noise ratio (SCNR). The design…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-25 Xuyang Zhao , Jiangtao Wang , Xinyu Zhang , Yongchao Wang

In this work, we describe advanced numerical tools for working with multivariate functions and for the analysis of large data sets. These tools will drastically reduce the required computing time and the storage cost, and, therefore, will…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-07-04 Alexander Litvinenko , David Keyes , Venera Khoromskaia , Boris N. Khoromskij , Hermann G. Matthies

Direction of arrival (DoA) estimation of targets improves with the number of elements employed by a phased array radar antenna. Since larger arrays have high associated cost, area and computational load, there is recent interest in thinning…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-02-05 Ahmet M. Elbir , Kumar Vijay Mishra , Yonina C. Eldar

This paper addresses the challenge of classifying polarimetric SAR images by leveraging the peculiar characteristics of the polarimetric covariance matrix (PCM). To this end, a general framework to solve a multiple hypothesis test is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-22 Pia Addabbo , Filippo Biondi , Carmine Clemente , Sudan Han , Danilo Orlando , Giuseppe Ricci

In massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, the knowledge of the users' channel covariance matrix is crucial for minimum mean square error (MMSE) channel estimation in the uplink as well as it plays an important role in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Tianyu Yang , Mahdi Barzegar Khalilsarai , Saeid Haghighatshoar , Giuseppe Caire

Spatial channel covariance information can replace full instantaneous channel state information for the analog precoder design in hybrid analog/digital architectures. Obtaining spatial channel covariance estimation, however, is challenging…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-02-19 Sungwoo Park , Anum Ali , Nuria González-Prelcic , Robert W. Heath

Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) in Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images becomes a very challenging problem owing to containing high level noise. In this study, a machine learning-based method is proposed to detect different moving and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Umut Özkaya

The radiative transfer equation models various physical processes ranging from plasma simulations to radiation therapy. In practice, these phenomena are often subject to uncertainties. Modeling and propagating these uncertainties requires…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-02 Chinmay Patwardhan , Pia Stammer , Emil Løvbak , Jonas Kusch , Sebastian Krumscheid

Robotic grasping is facing a variety of real-world uncertainties caused by non-static object states, unknown object properties, and cluttered object arrangements. The difficulty of grasping increases with the presence of more uncertainties,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Hao Chen , Takuya Kiyokawa , Weiwei Wan , Kensuke Harada

This paper tackles the problem of robust covariance matrix estimation when the data is incomplete. Classical statistical estimation methodologies are usually built upon the Gaussian assumption, whereas existing robust estimation ones assume…

We consider the problem of estimating the covariance matrix of a random signal observed through unknown translations (modeled by cyclic shifts) and corrupted by noise. Solving this problem allows to discover low-rank structures masked by…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-11 Boris Landa , Yoel Shkolnisky

Adapting large-scale pretrained language models to downstream tasks via fine-tuning is the standard method for achieving state-of-the-art performance on NLP benchmarks. However, fine-tuning all weights of models with millions or billions of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Rabeeh Karimi Mahabadi , James Henderson , Sebastian Ruder

Aims: Develop and validate tools to estimate residual noise covariance in Planck frequency maps. Quantify signal error effects and compare different techniques to produce low-resolution maps. Methods: We derive analytical estimates of…

Gaussian processes (GP) are a versatile tool in machine learning and computational science. We here consider the case of multi-output Gaussian processes (MOGP) and present low-rank approaches for efficiently computing the posterior mean of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-01 Sebastian Esche , Martin Stoll

In this paper, we aim to take one step forward to the scenario where an adaptive subspace detection framework is required to detect subspace signals in non-stationary environments. Despite the fact that this scenario is more realistic, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-24 Aref Miri Rekavandi

We address the challenge of tracking an unknown number of targets in strong clutter environments using measurements from a radar sensor. Leveraging the range-Doppler spectra information, we identify the measurement classes, which serve as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Xianglong Bai , Zengfu Wang , Quan Pan , Tao Yun , Hua Lan

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are widely used due to their low cost and versatility, but they also pose security and privacy threats. Therefore, reliable detection for low-altitude UAVs is an important issue. The strong ground clutter…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-25 Zeyang Wu , Wenbo Wang , Yuexing Peng

We study the basic problem of robust subspace recovery. That is, we assume a data set that some of its points are sampled around a fixed subspace and the rest of them are spread in the whole ambient space, and we aim to recover the fixed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-03-19 Teng Zhang , Gilad Lerman

Conducting surveillance of the Earth's orbit is a key task towards achieving space situational awareness (SSA). Our work focuses on the optical detection of man-made objects (e.g., satellites, space debris) in Geostationary orbit (GEO),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Daqi Liu , Bo Chen , Tat-Jun Chin , Mark Rutten