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We study the formation of massive black holes in the first star clusters. We first locate star-forming gas clouds in proto-galactic haloes of $\gtrsim \!10^7\,{\rm M}_{\odot}$ in cosmological hydrodynamics simulations and use them to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-08-15 Yuya Sakurai , Naoki Yoshida , Michiko S. Fujii , Shingo Hirano

Most stellar evolution models predict that black holes (BHs) should not exist above approximately $50-70$ M$_\odot$, the lower limit of the pair-instability mass gap. However, recent LIGO/Virgo detections indicate the existence of BHs with…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-07-07 Sanaea C. Rose , Smadar Naoz , Re'em Sari , Itai Linial

We study the stellar dynamics of the first star clusters after intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) are formed via runaway stellar collisions. We use the outputs of cosmological simulations of Sakurai et al. (2017) to follow the star…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-01-31 Yuya Sakurai , Naoki Yoshida , Michiko S. Fujii

Black holes (BHs) with masses between 100 to 100,000 times the mass of the Sun ($\rm{M}_{\odot}$) are classified as intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs), potentially representing a crucial link between stellar-mass and supermassive BHs.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-02-29 Abbas Askar , Vivienne F. Baldassare , Mar Mezcua

Despite recent observational efforts, unequivocal signs for the presence of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) in globular clusters (GCs) have not been found yet. Especially when the presence of IMBHs is constrained through dynamical…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-03-06 Ruggero de Vita , Michele Trenti , Morgan MacLeod

In order to constrain the density of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) in galaxies, we run smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations of a gas-rich disc dwarf galaxy, where different halo and disc populations of IMBHs are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 M. Mapelli

[abridged] Theoretical investigations have suggested the presence of Intermediate Mass Black Holes (IMBHs, with masses in the 100-10000 Msun range) in the cores of some Globular Clusters (GCs). In this paper we present the first application…

Young dense massive star clusters are a promising environment for the formation of intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs) through collisions. We present a set of 80 simulations carried out with Nbody6++GPU of 10 initial conditions for…

Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) are believed to be the missing link between the supermassive black holes (BHs) found at the centers of massive galaxies and BHs formed through stellar core collapse. One of the proposed mechanisms for…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-03-14 Rujuta A. Purohit , Giacomo Fragione , Frederic A. Rasio , Grayson C. Petter , Ryan C. Hickox

Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs), with masses between roughly $10^2\,M_\odot$ and $10^5\,M_\odot$, represent a largely uncharted component of the black-hole (BH) population. They are theoretically predicted to form in several…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-17 R. Pascale , G. Battaglia

In this paper, we study the secular dynamical evolution of binaries composed of intermediate-mass and stellar-mass black holes (IMBHs and SBHs, respectively) in orbit about a central super-massive black hole (SMBH) in galactic nuclei. Such…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-08-29 Giacomo Fragione , Nathan Leigh

Observational evidence has been mounting for the existence of intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs, 10^2-10^5 Msun), but observing them at all, much less constraining their masses, is very challenging. In one theorized formation channel,…

Empirical evidence for both stellar mass black holes M_bh<10^2 M_sun) and supermassive black holes (SMBHs, M_bh>10^5 M_sun) is well established. Moreover, every galaxy with a bulge appears to host a SMBH, whose mass is correlated with the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-11-20 Margarita Safonova , Prajval Shastri

In this paper we explore the interplay between intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) and their nursing globular clusters (GCs), taking advantage of over 2000 Monte Carlo GC models. We find that the average density of IMBHs sphere of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-05-06 Manuel Arca Sedda , Abbas Askar , Mirek Giersz

Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) by definition have masses of $M_{\rm IMBH} \sim 10^{2-5}~M_\odot$, a range with few observational constraints. Finding IMBHs in globular star clusters (GCs) would validate a formation channel for…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-09-08 J. M. Wrobel , T. J. Maccarone , J. C. A. Miller-Jones , K. E. Nyland

Resent observations and theoretical interpretations suggest that IMBHs (intermediate-mass black hole) are formed in the centers of young and compact star clusters born close to the center of their parent galaxy. Such a star cluster would…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Tatsushi Matsubayashi , Junichiro Makino , Toshikazu Ebisuzaki

Recent observations suggest the presence of supermassive black holes at the centers of many galaxies. The existence of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) in globular clusters has also been predicted. We focus on gravitational lensing as…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-01-01 Takayuki Tatekawa , Yuuki Okamura

Intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs) have masses between the $10^2\!-\!10^6$ M$_\odot$ and are key to our understanding of the formation of massive black holes. The known population of IMBH remains small, with a few hundred candidates and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-02-12 Jorge Martínez-Palomera , Paulina Lira , India Bhalla-Ladd , Francisco Förster , Richard M. Plotkin

When embedded in dense cluster cores, intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs) acquire close stellar or stellar-remnant companions. These companions are not only gravitationally bound, they tend to hierarchically isolate from other cluster…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-03-16 Morgan MacLeod , Michele Trenti , Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz

It has been suggested that an intermediate-massive black hole (IMBH) with mass $10^{3-5} M_\odot$ could fall into the galactic center (GC) and form a massive black hole binary (MBHB) with the central supermassive black hole, but current…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-12 Xian Chen , F. K. Liu