Related papers: Cryostat Design
After a few historic remarks on magnetic materials we introduce the basic definitions related to permanent magnets. The magnetic properties of the most common materials are reviewed and the production processes are described. Measurement…
Chapter 11 in High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) : Preliminary Design Report. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of the largest scientific instruments ever built. Since opening up a new energy frontier for exploration in…
Particle accelerators have enabled forefront research in high energy physics and other research areas for more than half a century. Accelerators have directly contributed to 26 Nobel Prizes in Physics since 1939 as well as another 20 Nobel…
The Large Hadron Collider will provide an unprecedented quantity of collision data right from the start-up. The challenge for the LHC experiments is the quick use of these data for the final commissioning of the detectors, including…
Beam transfer, such as injection into or extraction from an accelerator, is one of the most critical moments in terms of machine protection in a high-intensity machine. Special equipment is used and machine protection aspects have to be…
Recently it was proposed to apply a bent single crystal with decreasing curvature instead of uniform bending for improvement of extraction and collimation of a circulating beam in particle accelerators. In the given paper created crystal…
Current and future experiments observing the cosmic microwave background require a detailed understanding of optical performance at cryogenic temperatures. Pre-deployment analysis of optics can be performed in custom-engineered cryogenic…
A large multitude of scientific computing tools is available today. This article gives an overview of available tools and explains the main application fields. In addition basic principles of number representations in computing and the…
The development of quantum computing technologies builds on the unique features of quantum physics while borrowing familiar principles from the design of conventional devices. We introduce the fundamental concepts required for designing and…
The design of any large stellarator requires a plan for the removal of the particles and heat that are exhausted across the plasma edge. This is called the divertor problem, for the particle exhaust must be diverted into pumping chambers.…
This paper presents the latest development at CERN, concentrating on the status of the LHC and the strategy for future linear colliders. The immediate plans include the exploitation of the LHC at its design luminosity and energy as well as…
In the pursuit of quantum computing, solid-state quantum systems, particularly superconducting ones, have made remarkable advancements over the past two decades. However, achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing for next-generation…
The International Linear Collider Technical Design Report (TDR) describes in four volumes the physics case and the design of a 500 GeV centre-of-mass energy linear electron-positron collider based on superconducting radio-frequency…
Observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background rely on cryogenic instrumentation with cold detectors, readout, and optics providing the low noise performance and instrumental stability required to make more sensitive measurements. It is…
Artificial spin ice, arrays of strongly interacting nanomagnets, are complex magnetic systems with many emergent properties, rich microstate spaces, intrinsic physical memory, high-frequency dynamics in the GHz range and compatibility with…
Chapter 12 in High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) : Preliminary Design Report. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of the largest scientific instruments ever built. Since opening up a new energy frontier for exploration in…
Collimation systems in particle accelerators are designed to safely and efficiently dispose of unavoidable beam losses during operation. Their specific roles vary depending on the type of accelerator. The state of the art in hadron beam…
In this lecture the basic concepts of electromagnetic waves in accelerating structures are discussed. After a short introduction on the propagation of electromagnetic waves and on the concept of travelling wave and standing wave structures,…
The diagnostic systems of DEMO that are mounted on or near the torus, whether intended for the monitoring and control functions of the engineering aspects or the physics behaviour of the machine, will have to be designed to suit the hostile…
Precision physics at future multi-TeV lepton colliders such as CLIC requires excellent jet energy resolution. The detectors need deep calorimeter systems to limit the energy leakage also for very highly energetic particles and jets. At the…