Related papers: Material Properties at Low Temperature
The zero-field temperature-dependence of the resistivity of two-dimensional holes are observed to exhibit two qualitatively different characteristics for a fixed carrier density for which only the metallic behavior of the so-called…
Polymers and composite materials play an essential role in accelerator and detectors technology, with varying roles that range from electrical insulation and structural support to thermal management. This paper provides a general review of…
Do negative absolute temperatures matter physics and specifically Statistical Physics? We provide evidence that we can certainly answer positively to this vexata quaestio. The great majority of models investigated by statistical mechanics…
The limit of small entropy production is reached in relaxing systems long after preparation, and in stationary driven systems in the limit of small driving power. Surprisingly, for extended systems this limit is not in general the…
The presence of nonmagnetic impurities in a 2D ``bad metal'' depresses the superconducting Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition temperature, while leaving the pairing energy scale unchanged. Thus the region of the pseudogap…
Properties of metals are fundamentally determined by their electron behavior, which is largely reflected by the electron work function ($\varphi $). Recent studies have demonstrated that many properties of metallic materials are directly…
Although the resistivity in traditional metals increases with temperature, its $T$ dependence vanishes at low or high temperature, albeit for different reasons. Here, we review a class of materials, known as \lq strange' metals, that can…
First-order phase transition in a highly correlated electron system can manifest as a dynamic phenomenon. The presence of multiple domains of the coexisting phases average out the dynamical effects making it nearly impossible to predict the…
The energy of a finite system thermally connected to a thermal reservoir may fluctuate, while the temperature is a constant representing a thermodynamic property of the reservoir. The finite system can also be used as a thermometer for the…
We present an analysis of the thermodynamic properties of small transition metal clusters and show how the commonly used indicators of phase transitions like peaks in the specific heat or magnetic susceptibility can lead to deceptive…
Magnetic cooling based on the magnetocaloric effect is a promising solid-state refrigeration technology for a wide range of applications in different temperature ranges. Previous studies have mostly focused on near room temperature (300 K)…
The current theoretical and experimental situation is reviewed for low-dimensional (layered and chain-like) insulating systems. Such systems possess a low magnetic transition temperature $T_M$ and pronounced short-range magnetic order above…
Caloric responses (temperature changes) can be induced in solid-state materials by applying external stimuli such as stress, pressure, and electric and magnetic fields. The magnetic-field-stimulated response is called the magnetocaloric…
We report direct experimental evidence that the insulating phase of a disordered, yet strongly interacting two-dimensional electron system (2DES) becomes unstable at low temperatures. As the temperature decreases, a transition from…
The material properties selection for designing acoustic filters with optimal performance over a range of frequencies requires considerable effort to fabricate and test laboratory samples. To simplify this procedure, one may test a single…
Matter implies the existence of a large-scale connected cluster of a uniform nature. The appearance of such clusters as function of hadron density is specified by percolation theory. We can therefore formulate the freeze-out of interacting…
Fiber-reinforced composites (FRC) provide structural systems with unique features that appeal to various civilian and military sectors. Often, one needs to modulate the temperature field to achieve the intended functionalities (e.g.,…
Though the existence of two-level systems (TLS) is widely accepted to explain low temperature anomalies in many physical observables, knowledge about their properties is very rare. For silica which is one of the prototype glass-forming…
We investigate universal features of the jamming transition in granular materials, colloids and glasses. We show that the jamming transition in these systems has common features: slowing of response to external perturbation, and the onset…
The superconducting and structural properties of elemental strontium metal were investigated under pressures up to 60 GPa while maintaining cryogenic conditions during pressure application. Applying pressure at low temperatures reveals…