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Future generations of precise radial velocity (RV) surveys aim to achieve sensitivity sufficient to detect Earth mass planets orbiting in their stars' habitable zones. A major obstacle to this goal is astrophysical radial velocity noise…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-27 Andrew Vanderburg , Peter Plavchan , John Asher Johnson , David R. Ciardi , Jonathan Swift , Stephen R. Kane

We re-analyze the precision radial velocity (RV) data of HD188015, HD114729, HD190360, HD147513 and HD208487. All these stars are supposed to host Jovian companions in long-period orbits. We test a hypothesis that the residuals of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Krzysztof Gozdziewski , Cezary Migaszewski

We analyze periodicities in radial velocity (RV) measurements and magnetic activity indicators (S-index and BIS) for 767 Gaia RV standard stars to distinguish between stellar activity and planetary signals. Significant RV periods were…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-28 Amina Boulkaboul , Alessandro Sozzetti , Caroline Soubiran , Yassine Damerdji

The radial velocity (RV) method, also known as Doppler spectroscopy, is a powerful technique for exoplanet discovery and characterization. In recent years, progress has been made thanks to the improvements in the quality of spectra from new…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-06 Joseph Salzer , Jessi Cisewski-Kehe , Eric B. Ford , Lily L. Zhao

The measurement of exoplanet masses using the radial velocity (RV) technique is currently limited by stellar activity, which introduces quasiperiodic variability signals that must be modeled and removed to enhance the sensitivity of the RV…

Radial velocity measurements of stellar reflex motion have revealed many extrasolar planets, but gaps in the observations produce aliases, spurious frequencies that are frequently confused with the planets' orbital frequencies. In the case…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2010-09-27 Rebekah I. Dawson , Daniel C. Fabrycky

We extend the statistical analysis of Lissauer et al. (2012, ApJ 750, 112), which demonstrates that the overwhelming majority of Kepler candidate multiple transiting systems (multis) represent true transiting planets, and develop therefrom…

Due to their higher planet-star mass-ratios, M dwarfs are the easiest targets for detection of low-mass planets orbiting nearby stars using Doppler spectroscopy. Furthermore, because of their low masses and luminosities, Doppler…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Mikko Tuomi , Hugh R. A. Jones , John R. Barnes , Guillem Anglada-Escudé , James S. Jenkins

We present the complete Bayesian statistical analysis of the HArps-n red Dwarf Exoplanet Survey (HADES), which monitored the radial velocities of a large sample of M dwarfs with HARPS-N at TNG, over the last 6 years. The targets were…

The high-precision photometry from NASA's Kepler and TESS missions has revolutionized exoplanet detection, enabling the discovery of over 5500 confirmed exoplanets via the transit method and around 10000 additional candidates awaiting…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-02 Sarah Huang , Chen Jiang

With over 5,000 exoplanets currently detected, there is a need for a primary classification method to prioritise candidates for biosignature observations. Here, we develop a classification method to categorise rocky exoplanets based on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-25 Sarah R. N. McIntyre , Penelope L. King , Franklin P. Mills

We present 11 years of HIRES precision radial velocities (RV) of the nearby M3V star Gliese 581, combining our data set of 122 precision RVs with an existing published 4.3-year set of 119 HARPS precision RVs. The velocity set now indicates…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Steven S. Vogt , R. Paul Butler , Eugenio J. Rivera , Nader Haghighipour , Gregory W. Henry , Michael H. Williamson

Over the past 30 years, thousands of exoplanets have been discovered, revealing detailed demographics of planets outside the Solar System. One of the most dramatic features of the planet radius distribution is the radius gap, a lack of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-09 Nathanael Burns-Watson , Kendall Sullivan , Adam Kraus

The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite will conduct a 2-year long wide-field survey searching for transiting planets around bright stars. Many TESS discoveries will be amenable to mass characterization via ground-based radial velocity…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-15 Ryan Cloutier , René Doyon , François Bouchy , Guillaume Hébrard

Aims. To date, more than 600 multi-planetary systems have been discovered. Due to the limitations of the detection methods, our knowledge of the systems is usually far from complete. In particular, for planetary systems discovered with the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-19 Mara Volpi , Arnaud Roisin , Anne-Sophie Libert

Space-based missions such as TESS are identifying a wealth of short-period ($\lesssim30$ d) transiting planets. Despite the growing number of confirmed and candidate planets, the sample is still incomplete and highly biased, challenging…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-27 M. Lafarga , D. J. Armstrong , K. Cui , A. Hadjigeorghiou , V. Kunovac , L. Doyle , E. M. Bryant , R. F. Díaz , L. A. Nieto , A. Osborn

Interesting emerging observational properties of the period-mass distribution of extra-solar planets are discussed. New recent detections confirm the already emphasized lack of massive planets (m_2sini>=2M_Jup) on short-period orbits…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 S. Udry , M. Mayor , N. C. Santos

The Characterizing Exoplanets Satellite (CHEOPS) mission is planned for launch next year with a major objective being to search for transits of known RV planets, particularly those orbiting bright stars. Since the radial velocity method is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-24 Joo Sung Yi , Jingjing Chen , David Kipping

We describe statistical methods for measuring the exoplanet multiplicity function - the fraction of host stars containing a given number of planets - from transit and radial-velocity surveys. The analysis is based on the approximation of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Scott Tremaine , Subo Dong