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Retinex model has been applied to low-light image enhancement in many existing methods. More appropriate decomposition of a low-light image can help achieve better image enhancement. In this paper, we propose a new pixel-level non-local…
A uniform minimal model of rhodopsin photoisomerization induced by either coherent laser light or low level incoherent light (e.g. moonlight) is provided. Realistic timescales for both processes, which differ by ten orders of magnitude, are…
Recently, Holz & Wald have presented a new method for determining gravitational lensing effects on, e.g., supernova luminosity versus redshift measurements in inhomogeneous universes. In this paper, their method is generalized in several…
Images taken in low light often show color shift, low contrast, noise, and other artifacts that hurt computer-vision accuracy. Retinex theory addresses this by viewing an image S as the pixel-wise product of reflectance R and illumination…
We propose a pixel color amplification theory and family of enhancement methods to facilitate segmentation tasks on retinal images. Our novel re-interpretation of the image distortion model underlying dehazing theory shows how three…
Bright and dark solitons of the cubic nonlinear Schrodinger equation are used to construct complex-valued potentials with all-real spectrum. The real part of these potentials is equal to the intensity of a bright soliton while their…
New populations of red active galactic nuclei (known as ``Little Red Dots'') discovered by JWST exhibit remarkable spectral energy distributions. Leveraging X-ray through far-infrared observations of two of the most luminous known Little…
The problem of light propagation of frequency corresponding to half of the energy difference between a metastable excited state and the ground state of atoms is examined, and solved for coherent medium by analytic means. We demonstrate that…
A theory for the characterization of the fourth moment of electromagnetic wave beams is presented in the case when the source is partially coherent. A Gaussian-Schell model is used for the partially coherent random source. The white-noise…
A new approach to maximum likelihood learning of discrete graphical models and RBM in particular is introduced. Our method, Perturb and Descend (PD) is inspired by two ideas (I) perturb and MAP method for sampling (II) learning by…
Excitation of molecules by incident incoherent electromagnetic radiation, such as sunlight, is described in detail and contrasted with the effect of coherent (e.g. laser) light. The nature of the quantum coherences induced by the former,…
Visual perceptions often come with illusions whose physical origin are not well understood yet. The encoding of stochastic light intensity $x(t)$ into spikes with firing rate $r(t)$ at time $t$ is investigated in an experiment with retinas…
For partially coherent light fields with random fluctuations, the intensity distributions and statistics have been proven to be more propagation robust compared with coherent light. However, its full potential in practical applications has…
This report describes the experimental results obtained using a proposed variational Retinex algorithm for controlled illumination correction. Two colour restoration and enhancement schemes of the algorithm are presented for drastically…
Light emission by metals at room temperature is quenched by fast relaxation processes. Nevertheless, Mooradian reported in 1969 the observation of photoluminescence by metals pumped by a laser. Strikingly, while it is currently at the heart…
Natural images in the colour space YUV have been observed to have a non-Gaussian, heavy tailed distribution (called 'sparse') when the filter G(U)(r) = U(r) - sum_{s \in N(r)} w{(Y)_{rs}} U(s), is applied to the chromacity channel U (and…
We show a monotonic relationship between performances of various computer vision tasks versus degrees of coherence of illumination. We simulate partially coherent illumination using computational methods, propagate the lightwave to form…
We consider the Poisson-Boltzmann equation in a periodic cell, representative of a porous medium. It is a model for the electrostatic distribution of $N$ chemical species diluted in a liquid at rest, occupying the pore space with charged…
Receptive profiles of V1 cortical cells are very heterogeneous and act by differentiating the stimulus image as operators changing from point to point. A lightness and color constancy image can be reconstructed as the solution of the…
The Landau equation is a kinetic equation based on the weak coupling approximation of the interaction between the particles. In the framework of dry active matter this new kinetic equation relies on the weak coupling approximation of both…