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The emission from an electron in the field of a relativistically strong laser pulse is analyzed. At pulse intensities of J > 2 10^22 W/cm2 the emission from counter-propagating electrons is modified by the effects of Quantum ElectroDynamics…
State-of-the-art numerical simulations of quantum electrodynamical (QED) processes in strong laser fields rely on a semiclassical combination of classical equations of motion and QED rates, which are calculated in the locally constant field…
The Sauter-Schwinger effect predicts the creation of electron-positron pairs out of the quantum vacuum via tunneling induced by a strong electric field. Unfortunately, as the required field strength is extremely large, this fundamental…
The recoil associated with photon emission is key to the dynamics of ultrarelativistic electrons in strong electromagnetic fields, as are found in high-intensity laser-matter interactions and astrophysical environments such as neutron star…
A quantum coherent capacitor subject to large amplitude pulse cycles can be made to emit or reabsorb an electron in each half cycle. Quantized currents with pulse cycles in the GHz range have been demonstrated experimentally. We develop a…
Non-perturbative electron-positron pair creation (Schwinger effect) is studied based on the equal-time Wigner formalism in 1+1 dimensions. An ab initio calculation of the Schwinger effect in the presence of a simple space- and…
We study the spherical quantum pseudodots in the Schrodinger equation using the pseudo-harmonic plus harmonic oscillator potentials considering the effect of the external electric and magnetic fields. The finite energy levels and the wave…
In the framework of QED with a strong background, we study particle creation (the Schwinger effect) by a time-dependent inverse square electric field. To this end corresponding exact in- and out-solutions of the Dirac and Klein-Gordon…
The Sauter--Schwinger effect predicts the creation of electron--positron pairs from the vacuum due to a quasiconstant electric field $E_{\mathrm{strong}}$. The pair-creation yield can be exponentially enhanced without destroying the…
Vignale and Kohn have recently formulated a local density approximation to the time-dependent linear response of an inhomogeneous electron system in terms of a vector potential for exchange and correlation. The vector potential depends on…
The evolution of the vacuum state in a time-dependent external electric field of arbitrary polarization is investigated within a nonperturbative framework of quantum kinetic equations (QKEs). In our previous work [Phys. Rev. Res. 6, 043009…
The possibility to observe vacuum electron-positron pair creation due to a powerful optical laser pulse is discussed. We employ a quantum kinetic formulation of the problem with a source term describing the vacuum pair production in a…
We present simple new approximate formulas, for both scalar and spinor QED, for the number of particles produced from vacuum by a time dependent electric field, incorporating the interference effects that arise from an arbitrary number of…
Time-dependent quantum mechanics provides an intuitive picture of particle propagation in external fields. Semiclassical methods link the classical trajectories of particles with their quantum mechanical propagation. Many analytical results…
In the presence of a strong electric field, the vacuum is unstable to the production of pairs of charged particles -- the Schwinger effect. The created pairs extract energy from the electric field, resulting in nontrivial backreaction. In…
We study the dynamical Schwinger effect in the vacuum excitation of the electron-positron plasma under action of a "laser pulse" of the simplest configuration: a linearly polarized, time-dependent and spatially homogeneous electric field.…
A method to derive the charge current density and its quantum mechanical correlation from the scattering matrix is discussed for quantum scattering systems described by a time-dependent Hamiltonian operator. The current density and charge…
We calculate the exact Kohn-Sham (KS) scalar and vector potentials that reproduce, within current-density functional theory, the steady-state density and current density corresponding to an electron quasiparticle added to the ground state…
The quantum electrodynamics in presence of background external fields is developed. Modern methods of local quantum physics allow to formulate the theory on arbitrarily strong possibly time-dependent external fields. Non-linear observables…
Expectation values of the electromagnetic field and the electric current are introduced at space-time resolution which belongs to the quantum domain. These allow us to approach some key features of classical electrodynamics from the…