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Quantum algorithms often benefit from the ability to execute multi-qubit (>2) gates. To date such multi-qubit gates are typically decomposed into single- and two-qubit gates, particularly in superconducting qubit architectures. The ability…

The family of $n$-bit Toffoli gates, with the two-bit Toffoli gate as the figurehead, are of great interest in quantum information as they can be used as universal gates and in quantum error correction, among other things. We present a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-13 S. E. Rasmussen , K. Groenland , R. Gerritsma , K. Schoutens , N. T. Zinner

The quantum Toffoli gate allows universal reversible classical computation. It is also an important primitive in many quantum circuits and quantum error correction schemes. Here we demonstrate the realization of a Toffoli gate with three…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-02-15 Arkady Fedorov , Lars Steffen , Matthias Baur , M. P. da Silva , Andreas Wallraff

The Toffoli gate serving as a basic building block for reversible quantum computation, has manifested its great potentials in improving the error-tolerant rate in quantum communication. While current route to the creation of Toffoli gate…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2020-01-15 Dongmin Yu , Yichun Gao , Weiping Zhang , Jinming Liu , Jing Qian

Algorithms for quantum information processing are usually decomposed into sequences of quantum gate operations, most often realized with single- and two- qubit gates[1]. While such operations constitute a universal set for quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 T. Monz , K. Kim , W. Hänsel , M. Riebe , A. Villar , P. Schindler , M. Chwalla , M. Hennrich , R. Blatt

Compared with the idea of universal quantum computation, a direct synthesis of a multiqubit logic gate can greatly improve the efficiency of quantum information processing tasks. Here we propose an efficient scheme to implement a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-02 H. D. Yin , X. X. Li , G. C. Wang , X. Q. Shao

We investigate the feasibility of single-shot Toffoli- and Fredkin-gate realizations in qubit arrays with Heisenberg-type exchange interactions between adjacent qubits. As follows from the Lie-algebraic criteria of controllability, such an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-30 Vladimir M. Stojanovic

Quantum controlled-logic gates, including controlled NOT gate and Toffoli gate, play critical roles in lots of quantum information processing schemes. We design and experimentally demonstrate deterministic Toffoli gate by utilizing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-17 Shihao Ru , Yunlong Wang , Min An , Feiran Wang , Pei Zhang , Fuli Li

Three-qubit quantum gates are key ingredients for quantum error correction and quantum information processing. We generate quantum-control procedures to design three types of three-qubit gates, namely Toffoli, Controlled-Not-Not and Fredkin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-17 Ehsan Zahedinejad , Joydip Ghosh , Barry C. Sanders

We present two new constructions for the Toffoli gate which substantially reduce resource costs in fault-tolerant quantum computing. The first contribution is a Toffoli gate requiring Clifford operations plus only four $T =…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-18 Cody Jones

We use machine learning techniques to design a 50 ns three-qubit flux-tunable controlled-controlled-phase gate with fidelity of >99.99% for nearest-neighbor coupled transmons in circuit quantum electrodynamics architectures. We explain our…

What additional gates are needed for a set of classical universal gates to do universal quantum computation? We answer this question by proving that any single-qubit real gate suffices, except those that preserve the computational basis.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yaoyun Shi

The Toffoli gate is an important universal quantum gate, and will alongside the Clifford gates be available in future fault-tolerant quantum computing hardware. Many quantum algorithms rely on performing arbitrarily small single-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Christoffer Hindlycke , Jakov Krnic , Jan-Åke Larsson

We present numerical results which show how two-bit logic gates can be used in the design of a quantum computer. We show that the Toffoli gate, which is a universal gate for all classical reversible computation, can be implemented using a…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 David P. DiVincenzo , John Smolin

We introduce a fault-tolerant construction to implement a composite quantum operation of four overlapping Toffoli gates. The same construction can produce two independent Toffoli gates. This result lowers resource overheads in designs for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-06 Cody Jones

Distributed quantum computation requires to apply quantum remote gates on separate nodes or subsystems of network. On the other hand, Toffoli gate is a universal and well-known quantum gate. It is frequently used in synthesis of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-24 Moein Sarvaghad-Moghaddam , Mariam Zomorodi-Moghadam , Ahmed Farouk

The Toffoli gate is a fundamental building block for quantum arithmetic and reversible logic, yet its efficient realization remains a major challenge in both near-term and fault-tolerant quantum architectures. Recent advances in dynamic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Abhoy Kole , Till Schnittka , Rolf Drechsler

Quantum error correction is a crucial step beyond the current noisy-intermediate-scale quantum device towards fault-tolerant quantum computing. However, most of the error corrections ever demonstrated rely on post-selection of events or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-07 Toshiaki Inada , Wonho Jang , Yutaro Iiyama , Koji Terashi , Ryu Sawada , Junichi Tanaka , Shoji Asai

While quantum computing holds great potential in combinatorial optimization, electronic structure calculation, and number theory, the current era of quantum computing is limited by noisy hardware. Many quantum compilation approaches can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-13 Max Aksel Bowman , Pranav Gokhale , Jeffrey Larson , Ji Liu , Martin Suchara

We study the realization of a Toffoli gate with superconducting qubits in a circuit-QED setup using quantum-control methods. Starting with optimized piecewise-constant control fields acting on all qubits and typical strengths of XY-type…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-14 Vladimir M. Stojanovic , A. Fedorov , A. Wallraff , C. Bruder
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