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Answering the shortest-path distance between two arbitrary locations is a fundamental problem in road networks. Labelling-based solutions are the current state-of-the-arts to render fast response time, which can generally be categorised…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Muhammad Farhan , Henning Koehler , Robert Ohms , Qing Wang

We study a scenario for route planning in road networks, where the objective to be optimized may change between every shortest path query. Since this invalidates many of the known speedup techniques for road networks that are based on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-09-11 Julian Dibbelt , Ben Strasser , Dorothea Wagner

Shortest path (SP) computation is the building block for many location-based services, and achieving high throughput SP query processing with real-time response is crucial for those services. However, existing solutions can hardly handle…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Xinjie Zhou , Mengxuan Zhang , Lei Li , Xiaofang Zhou

Since the first solutions finding minimally weighted routes in weighted digraphs, a plethora of literature has appeared improving the performance of shortest-path queries for use in real-world applications. In this paper, we detail how an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Jacob Turner

Routing algorithms for public transport, particularly the widely used RAPTOR and its variants, often face performance bottlenecks during the transfer relaxation phase, especially on dense transfer graphs, when supporting unlimited…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Andrii Rohovyi , Abdallah Abuaisha , Toby Walsh

Circular layouts are a popular graph drawing style, where vertices are placed on a circle and edges are drawn as straight chords. Crossing minimization in circular layouts is \NP-hard. One way to allow for fewer crossings in practice are…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-03-16 Fabian Klute , Martin Nöllenburg

We survey recent advances in algorithms for route planning in transportation networks. For road networks, we show that one can compute driving directions in milliseconds or less even at continental scale. A variety of techniques provide…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-04-21 Hannah Bast , Daniel Delling , Andrew Goldberg , Matthias Müller-Hannemann , Thomas Pajor , Peter Sanders , Dorothea Wagner , Renato F. Werneck

The shortest-path distance is a fundamental concept in graph analytics and has been extensively studied in the literature. In many real-world applications, quality constraints are naturally associated with edges in the graphs and finding…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-11-17 You Peng , Zhuo Ma , Wenjie Zhang , Xuemin Lin , Ying Zhang , Xiaoshuang Chen

We study the problem of planning Pareto-optimal journeys in public transit networks. Most existing algorithms and speed-up techniques work by computing subjourneys to intermediary stops until the destination is reached. In contrast, the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-09-16 Sascha Witt

We present a comparative study of the application of a recently introduced heuristic algorithm to the optimization of transport on three major types of complex networks. The algorithm balances network traffic iteratively by minimizing the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-07-12 Bogdan Danila , Yong Yu , John A. Marsh , Kevin E. Bassler

Distributed optimization algorithms are frequently faced with solving sub-problems on disjoint connected parts of a network. Unfortunately, the diameter of these parts can be significantly larger than the diameter of the underlying network,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-08-25 Bernhard Haeupler , Taisuke Izumi , Goran Zuzic

In the age of real-time online traffic information and GPS-enabled devices, fastest-path computations between two points in a road network modeled as a directed graph, where each directed edge is weighted by a "travel time" value, are…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-10-04 Renjie Chen , Craig Gotsman

Given two locations $s$ and $t$ in a road network, a distance query returns the minimum network distance from $s$ to $t$, while a shortest path query computes the actual route that achieves the minimum distance. These two types of queries…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-04-25 Andy Diwen Zhu , Hui Ma , Xiaokui Xiao , Siqiang Luo , Youze Tang , Shuigeng Zhou

For a given graph $G$, a "hopset" $H$ with hopbound $\beta$ and stretch $\alpha$ is a set of edges such that between every pair of vertices $u$ and $v$, there is a path with at most $\beta$ hops in $G \cup H$ that approximates the distance…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Michael Dinitz , Ama Koranteng , Yasamin Nazari

Let G be a weighted (directed) graph with n vertices and m edges. Given a source vertex s, Dijkstra's algorithm computes the shortest path lengths from s to all other vertices in O(m + n log n) time. This bound is known to be worst-case…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Ivor van der Hoog , Eva Rotenberg , Daniel Rutschmann

It is a critical issue to compute the shortest paths between nodes in networks. Exact algorithms for shortest paths are usually inapplicable for large scale networks due to the high computational complexity. In this paper, we propose a…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-06-29 Shi-nan Gong , Duan-bing Chen , Hui Gao , Guan-nan Wang , Liang-wei Wang

A distance labeling scheme is an assignment of bit-labels to the vertices of an undirected, unweighted graph such that the distance between any pair of vertices can be decoded solely from their labels. An important class of distance…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Adrian Kosowski , Przemysław Uznański , Laurent Viennot

Graph partitioning has many applications. We consider the acceleration of shortest path queries in road networks using Customizable Contraction Hierarchies (CCH). It is based on computing a nested dissection order by recursively dividing…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Lars Gottesbüren , Michael Hamann , Tim Niklas Uhl , Dorothea Wagner

We consider the problem of computing routing schemes in the $\mathsf{HYBRID}$ model of distributed computing where nodes have access to two fundamentally different communication modes. In this problem nodes have to compute small labels and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Sam Coy , Artur Czumaj , Christian Scheideler , Philipp Schneider , Julian Werthmann

Quite recently, the algorithmic community has focused on solving multiple shortest-path query problems beyond simple vertex-to-vertex queries, especially in the context of road networks. Unfortunately, this research cannot be generalized…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-07-13 Alexandros Efentakis , Dieter Pfoser