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Vehicle-to-vehicle communications can be unreliable as interference causes communication failures. Thereby, the information flow topology for a platoon of Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) can vary dynamically. This limits existing…

Interactive Fiction (IF) games with real human-written natural language texts provide a new natural evaluation for language understanding techniques. In contrast to previous text games with mostly synthetic texts, IF games pose language…

Efficient decision-making over continuously changing data is essential for many application domains such as cyber-physical systems, industry digitalization, etc. Modern stream reasoning frameworks allow one to model and solve various…

Code obfuscation is widely adopted in modern software development to protect intellectual property and hinder reverse engineering, but it also provides attackers with a powerful means to conceal malicious logic inside otherwise legitimate…

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is widely used in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry, but the complexity of Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) limits accessibility for non-expert users. To address this, we…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks by understanding input information and predicting corresponding outputs. However, the internal mechanisms by which LLMs comprehend input and…

Datalog-based languages are regaining popularity as a powerful abstraction for expressing recursive computations in domains such as program analysis and graph processing. However, existing systems often face a trade-off between efficiency…

Dynamic programming languages, such as PHP, JavaScript, and Python, provide built-in data structures including associative arrays and objects with similar semantics-object properties can be created at run-time and accessed via arbitrary…

Safety filters based on Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) have emerged as a practical tool for the safety-critical control of autonomous systems. These approaches encode safety through a value function and enforce safety by imposing a…

Dataflow applications, such as machine learning algorithms, can run for days, making it desirable to have assurances that they will work correctly. Current tools are not good enough: too often the interactions between tasks are not…

Maintaining confidential information control in software is a persistent security problem where failure means secrets can be revealed via program behaviors. Information flow control techniques traditionally have been based on static or…

Compile-time information flow analysis has been a promising technique for protecting confidentiality and integrity of private data. In the last couple of decades, a large number of information flow security tools in the form of run-time…

Existing code repositories contain numerous instances of code patterns that are idiomatic ways of accomplishing a particular programming task. Sometimes, the programming language in use supports specific operators or APIs that can express…

Language models that can learn a task at inference time, called in-context learning (ICL), show increasing promise in natural language inference tasks. In ICL, a model user constructs a prompt to describe a task with a natural language…

We develop a theoretical framework for defining and identifying flows of information in computational systems. Here, a computational system is assumed to be a directed graph, with "clocked" nodes that send transmissions to each other along…

Quality assurance is of great importance for deep learning (DL) systems, especially when they are applied in safety-critical applications. While quality issues of native DL applications have been extensively analyzed, the issues of…

This paper introduces a run-time mechanism for preventing leakage of secure information in distributed systems. We consider a general concurrency language model, where concurrent objects interact by asynchronous method calls and futures.…

Although large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable advancements, their security remains a pressing concern. One major threat is jailbreak attacks, where adversarial prompts bypass model safeguards to generate harmful or…

An information based method for solving stochastic control problems with partial observation has been proposed. First, the information-theoretic lower bounds of the cost function has been analysed. It has been shown, under rather weak…

Applications over the Web primarily rely on the HTTP protocol to transmit web pages to and from systems. There are a variety of application layer protocols, but among all, HTTP is the most targeted because of its versatility and ease of…