Related papers: A Superintroduction to Google Matrices for Undergr…
The Google matrix is a positive, column-stochastic matrix that is used to compute the pagerank of all the web pages on the Internet: the eigenvector corresponding to the eigenvalue 1 is the pagerank vector. Due to its huge dimension, of the…
The PageRank algorithm enables to rank the nodes of a network through a specific eigenvector of the Google matrix, using a damping parameter $\alpha \in ]0,1[$. Using extensive numerical simulations of large web networks, with a special…
Since the advent of the Internet, quantifying the relative importance of web pages is at the core of search engine methods. According to one algorithm, PageRank, the worldwide web structure is represented by the Google matrix, whose…
If $A$ is an $n\times n$ matrix whose $n$ eigenvalues are ordered in terms of decreasing modules, $|\lambda_1 | \geq |\lambda_2| \geq ... |\lambda_n|$, it is often of interest to estimate $\frac{|\lambda_2|}{|\lambda_1|}$. If $A$ is a row…
We study the properties of the Google matrix of an Ulam network generated by intermittency maps. This network is created by the Ulam method which gives a matrix approximant for the Perron-Frobenius operator of dynamical map. The spectral…
Eigenvectors of large matrices (and graphs) play an essential role in combinatorics and theoretical computer science. The goal of this survey is to provide an up-to-date account on properties of eigenvectors when the matrix (or graph) is…
We study numerically the spectrum and eigenstate properties of the Google matrix of various examples of directed networks such as vocabulary networks of dictionaries and university World Wide Web networks. The spectra have gapless structure…
An important method for search engine result ranking works by finding the principal eigenvector of the "Google matrix." Recently, a quantum algorithm for preparing this eigenvector and evidence of an exponential speedup for some scale-free…
We build up a directed network tracing links from a given integer to its divisors and analyze the properties of the Google matrix of this network. The PageRank vector of this matrix is computed numerically and it is shown that its…
PageRank is a Web page ranking technique that has been a fundamental ingredient in the development and success of the Google search engine. The method is still one of the many signals that Google uses to determine which pages are most…
We review the properties of eigenvectors for the graph Laplacian matrix, aiming at predicting a specific eigenvalue/vector from the geometry of the graph. After considering classical graphs for which the spectrum is known, we focus on…
We study the localization properties of eigenvectors of the Google matrix, generated both from the World Wide Web and from the Albert-Barabasi model of networks. We establish the emergence of a delocalization phase for the PageRank vector…
We discuss a definition of robust dominant eigenvector of a family of stochastic matrices. Our focus is on application to ranking problems, where the proposed approach can be seen as a robust alternative to the standard PageRank technique.…
We apply the approach of the Google matrix, used in computer science and World Wide Web, to description of properties of neuronal networks. The Google matrix ${\bf G}$ is constructed on the basis of neuronal network of a brain model…
We study the properties of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the Google matrix of the Wikipedia articles hyperlink network and other real networks. With the help of the Arnoldi method we analyze the distribution of eigenvalues in the complex…
The PageRank is a popularity measure designed by Google to rank Web pages. Experiments confirm that the PageRank obeys a `power law' with the same exponent as the In-Degree. This paper presents a novel mathematical model that explains this…
The Laplacian matrix of a simple graph is the difference of the diagonal matrix of vertex degree and the (0,1) adjacency matrix. In the past decades, the Laplacian spectrum has received much more and more attention, since it has been…
Eigenvector centrality is a linear algebra based graph invariant used in various rating systems such as webpage ratings for search engines. A generalization of the eigenvector centrality invariant is defined which is motivated by the need…
We consider square matrices over $\mathbb{C}$ satisfying an identity relating their eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenvectors re-proved and discussed by Denton, Parker, Tao and Zhang, called the eigenvector-eigenvalue identity. We…
PageRank is an algorithm introduced in 1998 and used by the Google Internet search engine. It assigns a numerical value to each element of a set of hyperlinked documents (that is, web pages) within the World Wide Web with the purpose of…