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Four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) of local atomic diffraction patterns is emerging as a powerful technique for probing intricate details of atomic structure and atomic electric fields. However, efficient…
X-ray absorption spectroscopy is a premier element-specific technique for materials characterization. Specifically, the x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) encodes important information about the local chemical environment of an…
When x-rays penetrate soft matter, their phase changes more rapidly than their amplitude. In- terference effects visible with high brightness sources creates higher contrast, edge enhanced images. When the object is piecewise smooth (made…
Ultrafast scattering using X-rays or electrons is an emerging method to obtain structure dynamics at the atomic length and time scales. However, directly resolving in real-space atomic motions is inherently limited by the finite detector…
We studied the resonant diffraction signal from stepped surfaces of SrTiO3 at the Ti 2p -> 3d (L2,3) resonance in comparison with x-ray absorption (XAS) and specular reflectivity data. The steps on the surface form an artificial…
In this paper we report a spectrometric approach to dual-energy digital radiography that has been developed and applied to identify specific organic substances and discern small differences in their effective atomic number. An experimental…
In the present paper, the material parameters of the isotropic relaxed micromorphic model derived for a specific metamaterial in a previous contribution are used to model its transmission properties. Specifically, the reflection and…
We discuss nonlinear spectra of selective reflection from high-density rubidium atomic vapor, where the self-broadening of the resonant transition $5S_{1/2}-5P_{3/2}$ dominates over the Doppler width. In the experiments, the hole-burning…
Numerical simulations of the interiors of radiation dominated accretion disks show that significant density inhomogeneities can be generated in the gas. Here, we present the first results of our study on X-ray reflection spectra from such…
2D materials offer a large variety of optical properties, from transparency to plasmonic excitation. They can be structured and combined to form heterostructures that expand the realm of possibility to manipulate light interactions at the…
Knowledge gained through X-ray crystallography fostered structural determination of materials and greatly facilitated the development of modern science and technology in the past century. Atomic details of sample structures is achievable by…
Recent innovations in x-ray technology (namely phase-based and energy-resolved imaging) offer unprecedented opportunities for material discrimination, however they are often used in isolation or in limited combinations. Here we show that…
We study the optical properties of crystals with spatial dispersion and show that the usual Fresnel approach becomes invalid near frequencies where the group velocity of the wave packets inside the crystal vanishes. Near these special…
X-ray reflection generates much of the spectral complexity in the X-ray spectra of AGN. It is argued that strong relativistic blurring of the reflection spectrum should commonly be expected from objects accreting at a high Eddington rate.…
Atomically controlled crystal growth of thin films has established foundations of nanotechnology aimed at the development of advanced functional devices. Crystallization under non-equilibrium conditions allows engineering of new materials…
Modern X-ray spectroscopy has proven itself as a robust tool for probing the electronic structure of atoms in complex environments. Despite working on energy scales that are much larger than those corresponding to nuclear motions, taking…
Neutron and X-ray reflectometry are powerful techniques facilitating the study of the structure of interfacial materials. The analysis of these techniques is ill-posed in nature requiring the application of a model-dependent methods. This…
Future ultrafast x-ray light sources might image ultrafast coherent electron motion in real-space and in real-time. For a rigorous understanding of such an imaging experiment, we extend the theory of non-resonant x-ray scattering to the…
Recent advances in scanning transmission electron and scanning tunneling microscopies allow researchers to measure materials structural and electronic properties, such as atomic displacements and charge density modulations, at an Angstrom…
We have examined ROSAT soft X-ray observations of a complete, distance-limited sample of Seyfert and LINER galaxies. X-ray data are available for 46 out of 60 such objects which lie within a hemisphere of radius 18 Mpc. We have constructed…