Related papers: Electric Field and Humidity Trigger Contact Electr…
Water drops spontaneously accumulate charges when they move on hydrophobic dielectric surfaces by slide electrification. On the one hand, slide electrification generates electricity with possible applications on tiny devices. On the other…
In ferromagnetic metals, an effective electromagnetic field which couples to conduction electron spin is induced by the sd exchange interaction. We investigate how this effective field, spin electromagnetic field, interacts with the…
In clouds of suspended particles (grains, droplets, spheres, crystals, etc.), collisions electrify the particles and the clouds, producing large electric potential differences over large scales. This is seen most spectacularly in the…
We consider two charged semipermeable membranes, which bound bulk electrolyte solutions and are separated by a thin film of salt-free liquid. Small counter-ions permeate into the gap, which leads to a steric charge separation in the system.…
Contact electrification (CE) (or triboelectrification) is the phenomena where charges are produced through physical contact between two materials. Here we report the atomic featured photon emission spectra during CE between two solid…
Despite decades of intensive studies, the effective interactions between strongly charged colloids still remain elusive. Here we show that a strongly charged surface with a layer of condensed counter- ions behaves effectively as a…
Applying an electric field to an aqueous colloidal dispersion establishes a complex interplay of forces among the highly mobile simple ions, the more highly charged but less mobile colloidal spheres, and the surrounding water. This…
We describe a generic mechanism by which a system of Dirac fermions in thermal equilibrium acquires electric charge in an external magnetic field. To this end the fermions should have an additional quantum number, isospin or color, and…
We use numerical simulations to study the dynamics of surface discharges, which are common in high-voltage engineering. We simulate positive streamer discharges that propagate towards a dielectric surface, attach to it, and then propagate…
Electric field induced nucleation is introduced as a possible mechanism to realize a metallic phase of hydrogen. Analytical expressions are derived for the nucleation probabilities of both thermal and quantum nucleation in terms of material…
The effect of the conducting electrode on the interaction of dust grains in a an ion flow is discussed. It is shown that two grains levitating above the electrode at the same height may attract one another. This results in the instability…
We theoretically study the effect of electron-electron interactions in one-dimensional partially mixed helical states. These helical states can be realized at the edges of two-dimensional topological insulators with partially broken…
In the last decade, there has been a surge of experiments showing that certain chemical reactions undergo an enormous boost when taken from bulk aqueous conditions to microdroplet environments. The microscopic basis of this phenomenon…
We show that strong enough electric fields can trigger nucleation of needle-shaped metallic embryos in insulators, even when the metal phase is energetically unfavorable without the field. This general phenomenon is due to the gigantic…
The surface discharge of electrified dielectrics at high humidity is considered. The percolative nature of charge transport in electrets is established. Particular attention is given to the phenomena of adsorption and nucleation of…
The solvated electron represents an elementary quantum system in a liquid environment. Electrons solvated in water have raised strong interest because of their prototypical properties, their role in radiation chemistry, and their relevance…
Surfaces of ionic solids interacting with an ionic solution can build up charge by exchange of ions. The surface charge is compensated by a strip of excess charge at the border of the electrolyte forming an electric double layer. These…
Force fields uniquely assign interatomic forces for a given set of atomic coordinates. The underlying assumption is that electrons are in their quantum-mechanical ground state or in thermal equilibrium. However, there is an abundance of…
We study hydrodynamic thermal transport in high-mobility two-dimensional electron systems placed in an in-plane magnetic field, and identify a new mechanism of thermal magnetotransport. This mechanism is caused by drag between the electron…
Within a general framework we study the effective, deformation-induced interaction between two colloids trapped at a fluid interface. As an application, we consider the interface deformation owing to the electrostatic field of charged…