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A new angle of view is proposed to find the simple rules dominating complex systems and regular patterns behind random phenomena such as cities. Hierarchy of cities reflects the ubiquitous structure frequently observed in the natural world…
A class of simplified measures is constructed to capture the key features of generic spatio-temporally chaotic systems. A combined analytical and numerical investigation allows us to extablish the scaling beahviour of the fractal dimension…
The amount of data that is being gathered about cities is increasing in size and specificity. However, despite this wealth of information, we still have little understanding of what really drives the processes behind urbanisation. In this…
Scale is a fundamental concept that has attracted persistent attention in geography literature over the past several decades. However, it creates enormous confusion and frustration, particularly in the context of geographic information…
Inspired by Christopher Alexanders conception of the world - space is not lifeless or neutral but a living structure involving far more small things than large ones a topological representation has been previously developed to characterize…
Identification of cracks is essential to assess the structural integrity of concrete infrastructure. However, robust crack segmentation remains a challenging task for computer vision systems due to the diverse appearance of concrete…
The central place models are fundamentally important in theoretical geography and city planning theory. The texture and structure of central place networks have been demonstrated to be self-similar in both theoretical and empirical studies.…
Urban population density always follows the exponential distribution and can be described with Clark's model. Because of this, the spatial distribution of urban population used to be regarded as non-fractal pattern. However, Clark's model…
Real-world datasets follow an imbalanced distribution, which poses significant challenges in rare-category object detection. Recent studies tackle this problem by developing re-weighting and re-sampling methods, that utilise the class…
It is commonly believed in the literature that smooth curves, such as circles, are not fractal, and only non-smooth curves, such as coastlines, are fractal. However, this paper demonstrates that a smooth curve can be fractal, under the new,…
Cities are typical dynamic complex systems that connect people and facilitate interactions. Revealing universal collective patterns behind spatio-temporal interactions between residents is crucial for various urban studies, of which we are…
Map generalization is a process of producing maps at different levels of detail by retaining essential properties of the underlying geographic space. In this paper, we explore how the map generalization process can be guided by the…
Challenges due to the rapid urbanization of the world -- especially in emerging countries -- range from an increasing dependence on energy, to air pollution, socio-spatial inequalities, environmental and sustainability issues. Modelling the…
Precise analyses of the statistical and scaling properties of galaxy distribution are essential to elucidate the large-scale structure of the universe. Given the ongoing debate on its statistical features, the development of statistical…
In the last years there has been a growing interest in the understanding a vast variety of scale invariant and critical phenomena occurring in nature. Experiments and observations indeed suggest that many physical systems develop…
Many biological processes and objects can be described by fractals. The paper uses a new type of objects - blinking fractals - that are not covered by traditional theories considering dynamics of self-similarity processes. It is shown that…
As urban critic Jane Jacobs conceived, a city is essentially the problem of organized complexity. What underlies the complexity refers to a structural factor, called living structure, which is defined as a mathematical structure composed of…
The exponential growth of data has outpaced human ability to process information, necessitating innovative approaches for effective human-data interaction. To transform raw data into meaningful insights, storytelling, and visualization have…
In the interstellar medium, as well as in the Universe, large density fluctuations are observed, that obey power-law density distributions and correlation functions. These structures are hierarchical, chaotic, turbulent, but are also…
Atmospheric flows, an example of turbulent fluid flows, exhibit fractal fluctuations of all space-time scales ranging from turbulence scale of mm -sec to climate scales of thousands of kilometers - years and may be visualized as a nested…