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We construct a probabilistic finite automaton (PFA) with 7 states and an input alphabet of 5 symbols for which the PFA Emptiness Problem is undecidable. The only input for the decision problem is the starting distribution. For the proof, we…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Günter Rote

Clock-dependent probabilistic timed automata extend classical timed automata with discrete probabilistic choice, where the probabilities are allowed to depend on the exact values of the clocks. Previous work has shown that the quantitative…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Jeremy Sproston

A stochastic timed automaton is a purely stochastic process defined on a timed automaton, in which both delays and discrete choices are made randomly. We study the almost-sure model-checking problem for this model, that is, given a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Nathalie Bertrand , Patricia Bouyer , Thomas Brihaye , Quentin Menet , Christel Baier , Marcus Groesser , Marcin Jurdzinski

We study the emptiness and $\lambda$-reachability problems for unary and binary Probabilistic Finite Automata (PFA) and characterise the complexity of these problems in terms of the degree of ambiguity of the automaton and the size of its…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Paul C. Bell , Pavel Semukhin

History-deterministic automata are those in which nondeterministic choices can be correctly resolved stepwise: there is a strategy to select a continuation of a run given the next input letter so that if the overall input word admits some…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Soumyajit Paul , David Purser , Sven Schewe , Qiyi Tang , Patrick Totzke , Di-De Yen

We consider the problem of minimising the number of states in a multiplicity tree automaton over the field of rational numbers. We give a minimisation algorithm that runs in polynomial time assuming unit-cost arithmetic. We also show that a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Stefan Kiefer , Ines Marusic , James Worrell

We consider blind, deterministic, finite automata equipped with a register which stores an element of a given monoid, and which is modified by right multiplication by monoid elements. We show that, for monoids M drawn from a large class…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mark Kambites

Inspired by distributed algorithms, we introduce a new class of finite graph automata that recognize precisely the graph languages definable in monadic second-order logic. For the cases of words and trees, it has been long known that the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-28 Fabian Reiter

In coding and information theory, it is desirable to construct maximal codes that can be either variable length codes or error control codes of fixed length. However deciding code maximality boils down to deciding whether a given NFA is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Stavros Konstantinidis , Mitja Mastnak , Nelma Moreira , Rogério Reis

Checking two probabilistic automata for equivalence has been shown to be a key problem for efficiently establishing various behavioural and anonymity properties of probabilistic systems. In recent experiments a randomised equivalence test…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-01-09 Stefan Kiefer , Andrzej S. Murawski , Joël Ouaknine , Björn Wachter , James Worrell

Unambiguous automata are nondeterministic automata in which every word has at most one accepting run. In this paper we give a polynomial-time algorithm for model checking discrete-time Markov chains against \omega-regular specifications…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Christel Baier , Stefan Kiefer , Joachim Klein , David Müller , James Worrell

In the classic problem of sequence prediction, a predictor receives a sequence of values from an emitter and tries to guess the next value before it appears. The predictor masters the emitter if there is a point after which all of the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-03-09 Tim Smith

Constructing an accurate system model for formal model verification can be both resource demanding and time-consuming. To alleviate this shortcoming, algorithms have been proposed for automatically learning system models based on observed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-12-18 Hua Mao , Yingke Chen , Manfred Jaeger , Thomas D. Nielsen , Kim G. Larsen , Brian Nielsen

Automata expressiveness is an essential feature in understanding which of the formalisms available should be chosen for modelling a particular problem. Probabilistic and stochastic automata are suitable for modelling systems exhibiting…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Valentin Bura , Tim French , Mark Reynolds

Every language recognized by a non-deterministic finite automaton can be recognized by a deterministic automaton, at the cost of a potential increase of the number of states, which in the worst case can go from $n$ states to $2^n$ states.…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Arnaud Carayol , Philippe Duchon , Florent Koechlin , Cyril Nicaud

We consider the problem of finding an optimal statistical model for a given binary string. Following Kolmogorov, we use structure functions. In order to get concrete results, we replace Turing machines by finite automata and Kolmogorov…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-05 Bjørn Kjos-Hanssen

There are many types of automata and grammar models that have been studied in the literature, and for these models, it is common to determine whether certain problems are decidable. One problem that has been difficult to answer throughout…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Oscar H. Ibarra , Ian McQuillan

The use of monoids in the study of word languages recognized by finite-state automata has been quite fruitful. In this work, we look at the same idea of "recognizability by finite monoids" for other monoids. In particular, we attempt to…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Pranshu Gaba , Arnab Sur

This paper presents efficient algorithms for testing the finite, polynomial, and exponential ambiguity of finite automata with $\epsilon$-transitions. It gives an algorithm for testing the exponential ambiguity of an automaton $A$ in time…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-02-25 Cyril Allauzen , Mehryar Mohri , Ashish Rastogi

In [1], we introduced the weakly synchronizing languages for probabilistic automata. In this report, we show that the emptiness problem of weakly synchronizing languages for probabilistic automata is undecidable. This implies that the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-06-06 Laurent Doyen , Thierry Massart , Mahsa Shirmohammadi