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In this paper we give a pedagogical introduction to the ideas of quantum thermodynamics and work fluctuations, using only basic concepts from quantum and statistical mechanics. After reviewing the concept of work, as usually taught in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-03 Wellington L. Ribeiro , Gabriel T. Landi , Fernando Semião

A unified view on macroscopic thermodynamics and quantum transport is presented. Thermodynamic processes with an exchange of energy between two systems necessarily involve the flow of other balanceable quantities. These flows are first…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-10-02 C. Strunk

We establish the foundations of a nonequilibrium theory of quantum thermodynamics for noninteracting open quantum systems strongly coupled to their reservoirs within the framework of the nonequilibrium Green functions (NEGF). The energy of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-03-18 Massimiliano Esposito , Maicol A. Ochoa , Michael Galperin

Established heat engines in quantum regime can be modeled with various quantum systems as working substances. For example, in the non-relativistic case, we can model the heat engine using infinite potential well as a working substance to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-09 Pritam Chattopadhyay , Goutam Paul

Accurately describing work extraction from a quantum system is a central objective for the extension of thermodynamics to individual quantum systems. The concepts of work and heat are surprisingly subtle when generalizations are made to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-30 Felix C. Binder , Sai Vinjanampathy , Kavan Modi , John Goold

Signaling quantum channels are fundamental to quantum communication, enabling the transfer of information from input to output states. In contrast, thermalisation erases information about the initial state. This raises a crucial question:…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-07 Yutong Luo , Simon Milz , Felix C. Binder

Quantum thermodynamics has emerged as a central field for understanding how energy conversion processes occur in microscopic systems. In these systems, effects such as coherence, entanglement, and non-Markovianity play key roles. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 J. M. Z. Choquehuanca

Quantum thermodynamics aims at investigating both the emergence and the limits of the laws of thermodynamics from a quantum mechanical microscopic approach. In this scenario, thermodynamic processes with no heat exchange, namely, adiabatic…

The theory of quantum thermodynamics investigates how the concepts of heat, work, and temperature can be carried over to the quantum realm, where fluctuations and randomness are fundamentally unavoidable. These lecture notes provide an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 Patrick P. Potts

One of the principal objectives of quantum thermodynamics is to explore quantum effects and their potential beneficial role in thermodynamic tasks like work extraction or refrigeration. So far, even though several papers have already shown…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-22 C. L. Latune , I. Sinayskiy , F. Petruccione

We investigated quantum thermal machines powered by sequential nonselective generalized measurements, taking a double quantum dot with coherent interdot tunneling as a working substance. In this platform, the competition between detuning…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Bruno Carvalho , Jonas F. G. Santos , Moises Rojas

When reformulated as a resource theory, thermodynamics can analyze system behaviors in the single-shot regime. In this, the work required to implement state transitions is bounded by {\alpha}-Renyi divergences and so differs in identifying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-25 Jinghao Lyu , Alexander B. Boyd , James P. Crutchfield

We analyse the benefit, in terms of extracting work, of having a single use of a quantum channel or measurement in quantum thermodynamics. This highlights a connection between unital and catalytic channels, and some subtleties concerning…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-21 Tom Purves , Tony Short

Thermodynamics is based on a coarse-grained approach, from which its fundamental variables emerge, effectively erasing the complicate details of the microscopic dynamics within a macroscopic system. The strength of Thermodynamics lies in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-17 Gabriel Fernandez Ferrari , Łukasz Rudnicki , Lucas Chibebe Céleri

The proper definition of entropy is fundamental to the relationship between statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. It also plays a major role in the recent debate about the validity of the concept of negative temperature. In this paper,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-11-18 Robert H. Swendsen

Classical engines turn thermal resources into work, which is maximized for reversible operations. The quantum realm has expanded the range of useful operations beyond energy conversion, and incoherent resources beyond thermal reservoirs.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-15 F. Tacchino , A. Auffeves , M. F. Santos , D. Gerace

The perturbative approach was adopted to develop a temperature-dependent version of non-relativistic quantum mechanics in the limit of low-enough temperatures. A generalized, self-consistent Hamiltonian was therefore constructed for an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-08 Ashkan Shekaari , Mahmoud Jafari

In this paper a thermodynamical derivation of the quantum potential is pro- posed. Within the framework of Bohmian mechanics we show how the quantum potential can be derived, by adding an additional informational degree of freedom to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-04 Luca Curcuraci , Mehdi Ramezani

Thermal machines exploit interactions with multiple heat baths to perform useful tasks, such as work production and refrigeration. In the quantum regime, tasks with no classical counterpart become possible. Here, we consider the minimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-23 Jonatan Bohr Brask , Fabien Clivaz , Géraldine Haack , Armin Tavakoli

Quantum resource theories (QRTs) provide a unified framework for characterizing useful quantum phenomena subject to physical constraints, but are notoriously hard to assess in experimental systems. In this letter, we introduce a unified…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Naga Dileep Varikuti , Soumik Bandyopadhyay , Philipp Hauke
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