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With today's quantum processors venturing into regimes beyond the capabilities of classical devices [1-3], we face the challenge to verify that these devices perform as intended, even when we cannot check their results on classical…

Attacks on classical cryptographic protocols are usually modeled by allowing an adversary to ask queries from an oracle. Security is then defined by requiring that as long as the queries satisfy some constraint, there is some problem the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-09-01 Ivan Damgaard , Jakob Funder , Jesper Buus Nielsen , Louis Salvail

We consider the cryptographic task of bit-string generation. This is a generalisation of coin tossing in which two mistrustful parties wish to generate a string of random bits such that an honest party can be sure that the other cannot have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Jonathan Barrett , Serge Massar

Fairness is a desirable and crucial property of many protocols that handle, for instance, exchanges of message. It states that if at least one agent engaging in the protocol is honest, then either the protocol will unfold correctly and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Léonard Brice , Jean-François Raskin , Mathieu Sassolas , Guillaume Scerri , Marie van den Bogaard

We present the first protocol allowing a classical computer to interactively verify the result of an efficient quantum computation. We achieve this by constructing a measurement protocol, which enables a classical verifier to use a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Urmila Mahadev

We present a system to measure the distance between two parties that allows only trusted people to access the result. The security of the protocol is guaranteed by the complementarity principle in quantum mechanics. The protocol can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Vittorio Giovannetti , Seth Lloyd , Lorenzo Maccone

Formal verification of power side-channel leakage and its countermeasures in cryptographic algorithms is challenging, as SAT-based methods fail to scale on XOR-heavy, time-unrolled cryptographic circuits with realistic leakage models. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Walid El Maouaki , Alberto Marchisio , Muhammad Shafique

Quantum computing hardware has grown sufficiently complex that it often can no longer be simulated by classical computers, but its computational power remains limited by errors. These errors corrupt the results of quantum algorithms, and it…

Unconditionally secure non-relativistic bit commitment is known to be impossible in both the classical and the quantum worlds. But when committing to a string of n bits at once, how far can we stretch the quantum limits? In this paper, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-18 Harry Buhrman , Matthias Christandl , Patrick Hayden , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Stephanie Wehner

Blind quantum computation (BQC) protocol allows a client having partial quantum ability to delegate his quantum computation to a remote quantum server without leaking any information about the input, the output and the intended computation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-01 Shih-Min Hung , Tzonelih Hwang

Secure function evaluation is a two-party cryptographic primitive where Bob computes a function of Alice's and his respective inputs, and both hope to keep their inputs private from the other party. It has been proven that perfect (or near…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-17 Sarah Osborn , Jamie Sikora

Performing complex cryptographic tasks will be an essential element in future quantum communication networks. These tasks are based on a handful of fundamental primitives, such as coin flipping, where two distrustful parties wish to agree…

Anonymity is a fundamental cryptographic primitive that hides the identities of both senders and receivers during message transmission over a network. Classical protocols cannot provide information-theoretic security for such task, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-25 Srijani Das , Manasi Patra , Tuhin Paul , Anish Majumdar , Ramij Rahaman

At Crypto 2011, some of us had proposed a family of cryptographic protocols for key establishment capable of protecting quantum and classical legitimate parties unconditionally against a quantum eavesdropper in the query complexity model.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-23 Aleksandrs Belovs , Gilles Brassard , Peter Hoyer , Marc Kaplan , Sophie Laplante , Louis Salvail

Multi-Party Quantum Computation (MPQC) has attracted a lot of attention as a potential killer-app for quantum networks through it's ability to preserve privacy and integrity of the highly valuable computations they would enable.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-18 Theodoros Kapourniotis , Elham Kashefi , Luka Music , Harold Ollivier

Secure multi-party machine learning allows several parties to build a model on their pooled data to increase utility while not explicitly sharing data with each other. We show that such multi-party computation can cause leakage of global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Wanrong Zhang , Shruti Tople , Olga Ohrimenko

Bit commitment is a fundamental cryptographic primitive with numerous applications. Quantum information allows for bit commitment schemes in the information theoretic setting where no dishonest party can perfectly cheat. The previously…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-09 André Chailloux , Iordanis Kerenidis

We consider a quantum and classical version multi-party function computation problem with $n$ players, where players $2, \dots, n$ need to communicate appropriate information to player 1, so that a "generalized" inner product function with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-06 Ruoyu Meng , Aditya Ramamoorthy

The safety of a quantum key distribution system relies on the fact that any eavesdropping attempt on the quantum channel creates errors in the transmission. For a given error rate, the amount of information that may have leaked to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-28 B. Huttner , N. Imoto , N. Gisin , T. Mor

We define cryptographic assumptions applicable to two mistrustful parties who each control two or more separate secure sites between which special relativity guarantees a time lapse in communication. We show that, under these assumptions,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Adrian Kent
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