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ALMA observations of protoplanetary disks confirm earlier indications that there is a clear difference between the dust and gas radial extents. The origin of this difference is still debated, with both radial drift of the dust and optical…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-06 Stefano Facchini , Til Birnstiel , Simon Bruderer , Ewine F. van Dishoeck

The connection between the nature of a protoplanetary disk and that of a debris disk is not well understood. Dust evolution, planet formation, and disk dissipation likely play a role in the processes involved. We aim to reconcile both…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-17 Arnaud Michel , Nienke van der Marel , Brenda Matthews

The unprecedented angular resolution and sensitivity of ALMA makes it possible to unveil disk populations in distant ($>$2 kpc), embedded young cluster environments. We have conducted an observation towards the central region of the massive…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-12-07 Yu Cheng , Jonathan C. Tan , John J. Tobin , Ruben Fedriani , Morten Andersen , Junfeng Wang

We present ALMA (0.87~mm and 1.3~mm) and VLA (9~mm) observations toward the candidate intermediate-mass protostar OMC2-FIR3 (HOPS-370; L$_{bol}$~314~L$_{\odot}$) at $\sim$0.1" (40~au) resolution for the continuum emission and ~0.25" (100…

Protoplanetary discs are now routinely observed and exoplanets, after the numerous indirect discoveries, are starting to be directly imaged. To better understand the planet formation process, the next step is the detection of forming…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-30 Jean-François Gonzalez , Guillaume Laibe , Sarah T. Maddison , Christophe Pinte , François Ménard

The formation of planets occurs within protoplanetary disks surrounding young stars, resulting in perturbation of the gas and dust surface densities. Here, we report the first evidence of spatially resolved gas surface density…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-24 Cécile Favre , Davide Fedele , Luke Maud , Richard Booth , Marco Tazzari , Anna Miotello , Leonardo Testi , Dmitry Semenov , Simon Bruderer

The connection between dense gas cores and their infant protostars is key to understanding how stars form in molecular clouds. In this paper we investigate the properties, persistence, and protostellar content of cores that would be…

Young stellar objects (YSOs) are surrounded by protoplanetary disks, which are the birthplace of young planets. Ring and gap structures are observed among evolved protoplanetary disks, often interpreted as a consequence of planet formation.…

Over the past decade, advancement of observational capabilities, specifically the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and SPHERE instrument, alongside theoretical innovations like pebble accretion, have reshaped our…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-30 Tilman Birnstiel

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the submillimeter dust continuum and H2D+ 1_{10}-1_{11} emission toward two evolved, potentially protostellar cores within the Ophiuchus molecular cloud, Oph A…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 R. K. Friesen , J. Di Francesco , T. L. Bourke , P. Caselli , J. K. Jørgensen , J. E. Pineda , M. Wong

We present a flexible, annulus-by-annulus method to constrain the 2-D thermal structure of a protoplanetary disk from optically thick spectral line emission. Using synthetic disk models with a known temperature and density structure, we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-19 Anna J. Fehr , Sean M. Andrews

Spatially resolved observations of molecular line emission have the potential to yield unique constraints on the nature of turbulence within protoplanetary disks. Using a combination of local non-ideal magnetohydrodynamic simulations and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-19 Jacob B. Simon , A. Meredith Hughes , Kevin M. Flaherty , Xue-Ning Bai , Philip J. Armitage

Understanding planet formation requires to discern how dust grows in protoplanetary disks. An important parameter to measure in disks is the maximum dust grain size present. This is usually estimated through measurements of the dust opacity…

(Abridged) Planet formation is closely related to the structure and dispersal of protoplanetary disks. A certain class of disks, called transition disks, exhibit cavities in dust images at scales of up to a few 10s of AU. The formation…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 S. Bruderer

Dust growth from micron- to planet-size in protoplanetary discs involves multiple physical processes, including dust collisions, the streaming instability, and pebble accretion. Disc turbulence and dust fragility matter at almost every…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-14 Simin Tong , Richard Alexander , Giovanni Rosotti

Rings and asymmetries in protoplanetary disks are considered as signposts of ongoing planet formation. In this work, we conduct three-dimensional radiative transfer simulations to model the intriguing disk around HD 143006 that has three…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-08 Yao Liu , Mario Flock , Min Fang

We present a detailed multi-wavelength characterization of the multi-ring disk of HD 169142. We report new ALMA observations at 3 mm and analyze them together with archival 0.89 and 1.3 mm data. Our observations resolve three out of the…

We present a series of simulations of turbulent stratified protostellar discs with the goal of characterizing the settling of dust throughout a minimum-mass solar nebula. We compare the evolution of both compact spherical grains, as well as…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-14 D. A. Tilley , D. S. Balsara , S. D. Brittain , T. Rettig

We present radiation hydrodynamics simulations of the collapse of massive pre-stellar cores. We treat frequency dependent radiative feedback from stellar evolution and accretion luminosity at a numerical resolution down to 1.27 AU. In the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-12 Rolf Kuiper , Hubert Klahr , Henrik Beuther , Thomas Henning

Efficient magnetic braking is a formidable obstacle to the formation of rotationally supported disks (RSDs) around protostars in magnetized dense cores. We have previously shown, through 2D (axisymmetric) non-ideal MHD simulations, that…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-17 Bo Zhao , Paola Caselli , Zhi-Yun Li , Ruben Krasnopolsky