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Neutron-star mergers can launch mildly relativistic to moderately relativistic outflows whose interaction with the ejecta can reshape kilonova emission. We parametrically study magnetically powered outbursts from long-lived merger remnants,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-06 Yuan Feng , Oleg Korobkin , Elias R. Most , Ananda F. Smith , Christopher J. Fontes

Binary neutron star mergers are expected to produce fast dynamical ejecta, with mildly relativistic velocities extending to $\beta=v/c>0.6$. In a preceding paper, we derived an analytic description of the time-dependent radio to X-ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-05-27 Gilad Sadeh , Noya Linder , Eli Waxman

During the final stages of a compact object merger, if at least one of the binary components is a magnetized neutron star (NS), then its orbital motion substantially expands the NS's open magnetic flux -- and hence increases its wind…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-01-19 Navin Sridhar , Jonathan Zrake , Brian D. Metzger , Lorenzo Sironi , Dimitrios Giannios

Neutrinos are copiously emitted by neutron star mergers, due to the high temperatures reached by dense matter during the merger and its aftermath. Neutrinos influence the merger dynamics and shape the properties of the ejecta, including the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-05-30 Marco Cusinato , Federico Maria Guercilena , Albino Perego , Domenico Logoteta , David Radice , Sebastiano Bernuzzi , Stefano Ansoldi

The merger of binary neutron stars (NSs) is among the most promising gravitational wave (GW) sources. Next-generation GW detectors are expected to detect signals from the NS merger within 200 Mpc. Detection of electromagnetic wave (EM)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-16 Masaomi Tanaka , Kenta Hotokezaka

Neutron star mergers (NSMs) eject energetic sub-relativistic dynamical ejecta into the circumbinary media. As analogous to supernovae and supernova remnants, the NSM dynamical ejecta are expected to produce non-thermal emission by electrons…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-06-06 Shiu-Hang Lee , Keiichi Maeda , Norita Kawanaka

There is growing evidence that a stable magnetar could be formed from the coalescence of double neutron stars. In previous papers, we investigated the signature of formation of stable millisecond magnetars in radio and optical/ultraviolet…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-05-25 L. J. Wang , Z. G. Dai , L. D. Liu , X. F. Wu

The coalescence of binary neutron stars can yield the expulsion of a fast-moving, quasi-isotropic material, which may induce thermal radiation and give rise to kilonova emission. Moreover, the interaction between the ejected material and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-02-29 Shao-Ze Li , Yun-Wei Yu , He Gao , Lin Lan

Coalescence of neutron stars gives rise to kilonova, thermal emission powered by radioactive decays of freshly synthesized r-process nuclei. Although observational properties are largely affected by bound-bound opacities of r-process…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-06-10 Masaomi Tanaka , Daiji Kato , Gediminas Gaigalas , Kyohei Kawaguchi

Binary neutron star mergers are expected to produce fast dynamical ejecta, with mildly relativistic velocities extending to $\beta=v/c>0.6$. We consider the radio to X-ray synchrotron emission produced by collisionless shocks driven by such…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-11-29 Gilad Sadeh , Or Guttman , Eli Waxman

When binary systems of neutron stars merge, a very small fraction of their rest mass is ejected, either dynamically or secularly. This material is neutron-rich and its nucleosynthesis could provide the astrophysical site for the production…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-12-13 Luke Bovard , Dirk Martin , Federico Guercilena , Almudena Arcones , Luciano Rezzolla , Oleg Korobkin

Shock breakout emission is among the first observable signals in a wide variety of astrophysical phenomena, including neutron star (NS) mergers, and it can be the dominant component in low-luminosity short $\gamma$-ray bursts, as…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-06-27 Eduardo M. Gutiérrez , Mukul Bhattacharya , David Radice , Kohta Murase , Sebastiano Bernuzzi

The radioactive power generated by materials within the ejecta of a binary-neutron-star (BNS) merger powers an optical transient known as a kilonova. When the central remnant of a BNS merger is a long-lived magnetar, it continuously…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-22 Shunke Ai , He Gao , Bing Zhang

Compact object mergers eject neutron-rich matter in a number of ways: by the dynamical ejection mediated by gravitational torques, as neutrino-driven winds and probably also a good fraction of the resulting accretion disc finally becomes…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-11 S. Rosswog

Merging neutron stars generate shock waves that disintegrate heavy nuclei into nucleons especially in the outer envelope. It is expected that some of such neutrons having avoided capturing positrons remain as free neutrons even after…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-07-11 Ayako Ishii , Toshikazu Shigeyama , Masaomi Tanaka

The observations of a macronova/kilonova accompanied by gravitational waves from a binary neutron star merger (GW170817) confirmed that neutron star coalescences produce copious ejecta. The coincident gamma-ray detection implies the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-29 Shigeo S. Kimura , Kohta Murase , Imre Bartos , Kunihito Ioka , Ik Siong Heng , Peter Mészáros

We present a simple analytic model, that captures the key features of the emission of radiation from material ejected by the merger of neutron stars (NS), and construct the multi-band and bolometric luminosity light curves of the transient…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-09-12 Eli Waxman , Eran Ofek , Doron Kushnir , Avishay Gal-Yam

Matter ejected from the neutron star crust during a magnetar giant flare will undergo $r$-process nucleosynthesis during decompression. Ultra heavy ions ($Z \gg 26$) can be accelerated to cosmic ray energies by the reverse shock as the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-06 Anirudh Patel , Rebecca Diesing , Brian Metzger

The recent observations of GW170817 and its electromagnetic (EM) counterparts show that double neutron star mergers could lead to rich and bright EM emissions. Recent numerical simulations suggest that neutron star and neutron star/black…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-02-06 Shunke Ai , He Gao

Heavy elements like gold, platinum or uranium are produced in the r-process, which needs neutron-rich and explosive environments. Neutron star mergers are a promising candidate for an r-process site. They exhibit three different channels…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-28 Dirk Martin , Albino Perego , Almudena Arcones , Oleg Korobkin , Friedrich-Karl Thielemann