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We review recent theoretical results on the formation of the first stars in the universe, and emphasize related open questions. In particular, we discuss the initial conditions for Population III star formation, as given by variants of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Volker Bromm , Richard B. Larson

We present a multi-epoch analysis of the galaxy populations formed within the cosmological hydrodynamical simulations presented in Vogelsberger et al. (2013). These simulations explore the performance of a recently implemented feedback…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Paul Torrey , Mark Vogelsberger , Shy Genel , Debora Sijacki , Volker Springel , Lars Hernquist

Low-mass dwarf galaxies are very sensitive test-beds for theories of cosmic structure formation since their weak gravitational fields allow the effects of the relevant physical processes to clearly stand out. Up to now, no unified account…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-12-16 Robbert Verbeke , Bert Vandenbroucke , Sven De Rijcke

Population III stars are believed to have been more massive than typical stars today and to have formed in relative isolation. The thermodynamic impact of metals is expected to induce a transition leading to clustered, low-mass Population…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Chalence Safranek-Shrader , Milos Milosavljevic , Volker Bromm

We present a new set of multi-million particle SPH simulations of the formation of disk dominated galaxies in a cosmological context. Some of these galaxies are higher resolution versions of the models already described in Governato et al…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-01-14 F. Governato , L. Mayer , C. Brook

TreeSPH simulations of galaxy formation in a LCDM cosmology, with star formation, energetic stellar feedback and a meta-galactic UV field have been performed, resulting in realistic disk, S0 and E galaxies at z=0. The disk galaxies are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Jesper Sommer-Larsen , Martin Gotz , Laura Portinari

We analyze the formation histories of 19 galaxies from cosmological smoothed particle hydrodynamics zoom-in resimulations. We construct mock three-colour images and show that the models reproduce observed trends in the evolution of galaxy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-04-29 Michael Aumer , Simon D. M. White , Thorsten Naab

The properties of the first galaxies are shaped in large part by the first generations of stars, which emit high energy radiation and unleash both large amounts of mechanical energy and the first heavy elements when they explode as…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-15 Jarrett L. Johnson

The AEOS project introduces a series of high-resolution cosmological simulations that model star-by-star chemical enrichment and galaxy formation in the early Universe, achieving 1 pc resolution. These simulations capture the complexities…

The abundance and rapid growth of galaxies at cosmic dawn revealed by the James Webb Space Telescope challenges models of galaxy formation, motivating new simulations to uncover the processes driving early galaxy assembly. We present the…

We investigate the impact of a cosmic X-ray background (CXB) on Population III stars forming in a minihalo at $z\simeq25$. Using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics code GADGET-2, we attain sufficient numerical resolution to follow gas…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-09-30 Jacob A. Hummel , Athena Stacy , Myoungwon Jeon , Anthony Oliveri , Volker Bromm

We use a high-resolution grid-based hydrodynamics method to simulate the multi-phase interstellar medium in a Milky Way-size quiescent disk galaxy. The models are global and three-dimensional, and include a treatment of star formation and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Elizabeth J. Tasker , Greg L. Bryan

There has been considerable theoretical debate over whether photoionization and supernova feedback from the first Population III stars facilitate or suppress the formation of the next generation of stars. We present results from an Eulerian…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Brian W. O'Shea , Tom Abel , Dan Whalen , Michael L. Norman

We use state-of-the-art simulations to explore the physical evolution of galaxies in the first billion years of cosmic time. First, we demonstrate that our model reproduces the basic statistical properties of the observed Lyman-break galaxy…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Pratika Dayal , James S. Dunlop , Umberto Maio , Benedetta Ciardi

Spiral galaxies have most of their stellar mass in a large rotating disk, and only a modest fraction in a central spheroidal bulge. This poses a major challenge for cosmological models of galaxy formation. Galaxies form at the centre of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 Marie Martig , Frederic Bournaud

We conduct a comprehensive theoretical and numerical investigation of the pollution of pristine gas in turbulent flows, designed to provide new tools for modeling the evolution of the first generation of stars. The properties of such…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-16 Liubin Pan , Evan Scannapieco , John Scalo

We present a multi-phase representation of the ISM in NB-TSPH simulations of galaxy formation and evolution with particular attention to the case of early-type galaxies. Cold gas clouds are described by the so-called sticky particles…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Emiliano Merlin , Cesare Chiosi

We explore when supernovae can (and cannot) regulate the star formation and bulge growth in galaxies based on a sample of 18 simulated galaxies. The simulations include key physics such as evaporation and conduction, neglected in prior…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-08-17 B. W. Keller , J. Wadsley , H. M. P Couchman

We provide a status report on our current understanding of the mass scales for Pop III.1 and Pop III.2 stars. Since the last review (Norman 2008), substantial progress has been made both numerically and analytically on the late stages of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Michael L. Norman

We simulate the formation of a metal-poor (10^-2 Zsun) stellar cluster in one of the first galaxies to form in the early Universe, specifically a high-redshift atomic cooling halo (z~14). This is the first calculation that resolves the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-06-19 Chalence Safranek-Shrader , Milos Milosavljevic , Volker Bromm